United States Department of Transportation
i
Evaluation of Wetland Mitigation Measures. Volume I: Final Report
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1992-05-01
[PDF-7.54 MB]
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Abstract:This report presents the results of an evaluation of the performance of wetland mitigation efforts taken by several State departments of transportation around the country. These mitigation efforts, taken in response to State and Federal requirements to protect wetland values, have attempted to compensate for wetland impacts directly and indirectly related to highway construction projects. The FHWA and State participants in this "pooled research study" were concerned that little had been done to monitor the various mitigation projects to determine whether or not the desired goals had been met, or whether there had been any unforeseen impacts (positive or negative) which had occurred as a result of the mitigation. This report analyzes 17 mitigation projects in 14 States, comparing them to natural control wetlands to evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation to perform wetland functions and values. Mitigation projects include six sites where existing wetland systems were enhanced, six where wetlands were created from uplands, two sites which were combinations of enhancements and creation, and three sites where existing wetlands were restored. The efficiency of a wetland to perform a number of functions and values was evaluated to determine success. Field biologists used a number of assessment techniques, including the Wetland Evaluation Technique (WET 2.0) and the Hollands-Magee assessment models. Conclusions and recommendations for wetland mitigation are made. Success was found to be less related to mitigation type (i.e., enhancement, restoration or creation) than the adequacy of Planning, Design Elements and Implementation/Follow-through. FHWA-RD-90-084, Volume II: Field Data Sheets, contains WET 2.0 and Hollands-Magee data sheets, as well as plant species lists from sites studied.
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