Garvey, P. M., & Mace, D. J. (1996). Changeable Message Sign Visibility (Report No. FHWA-RD-94-077). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162
Garvey, Philip M. and Douglas J. Mace. Changeable Message Sign Visibility. Report no. FHWA-RD-94-077. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 1996. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162.
Garvey, Philip M., and Douglas J. Mace Changeable Message Sign Visibility. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 1996, Report no. FHWA-RD-94-077, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162.
The object of this contract was to identify problems with the visibility of changeable message signs (CMSs), particularly for older drivers, and to develop design guidelines and operational recommendations to ensure adequate conspicuity and legibility of in-service CMSs. This project was divided into three main sections: a field survey of in-use CMSs, a series of laboratory experiments and static field studies, and a partially controlled dynamic field study. The research was designed to optimize CMS components, including the character variables (font, width-to-height ratio, color, and contrast orientation) and the message variables (inter-letter, inter-word, and inter-line spacing).
Garvey, P. M., & Mace, D. J. (1996). Changeable Message Sign Visibility (Report No. FHWA-RD-94-077). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162
Garvey, Philip M. and Douglas J. Mace. Changeable Message Sign Visibility. Report no. FHWA-RD-94-077. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 1996. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162.
Garvey, Philip M., and Douglas J. Mace Changeable Message Sign Visibility. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 1996, Report no. FHWA-RD-94-077, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68162.
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