United States Department of Transportation
i
Driver’s Visibility Requirements for Roadway Delineation. Volume II: Color Identification of Yellow Highway Paint as a Function of Yellow/White Pigment Mixture Ratio
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1977-11-01
[PDF-4.41 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:The yellow highway paint in current use is often not as visible as white paint under adverse lighting and weather conditions. It has lower initial brightness, darkens more rapidly with exposure, and contains lead pigment (PbCro4) which is more toxic and more expensive than white pigment (Ti02). This study showed that up to 50 percent (by weight) of the lead pigment can be replaced by white pigment, without losing yellow color identity under lighting and weather conditions where 100 percent yellow color is normally distinguishable. This maximum dilution which still permits reliable identification of yellow was determined by means of color judgments made by 20 subjects observing a series of paint mixture sample strips (8 ft x 4 in.) from the driver's seat of a parked car at distances of 30, 60, and 90 ft, under both day and night lighting conditions. A cost savings of more than one million dollars could be realized annually in the U.S. by diluting yellow paint with white paint so the a 50:50 pigment weight ratio is obtained. This results in very little color change, providing improved visibility, reduced darkening with age, and reduced toxicity. No change in equipment or procedures is required, and existing stocks of yellow paint can be used by dilution with white paint.
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