X-Ray Diffraction of Highway Materials

Details

• Creators:
  Handy, Richard L. ; Roderick, Gilbert L ; Senich, Donald ; Demirel, Turgut
• Corporate Creators:
  Iowa Highway Research Board ; Iowa State University. Engineering Research Institute
• Corporate Contributors:
  Iowa State Highway Commission
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Adsorption
  • Calcium
  • Expansion
  • Montmorillonite
  • Sodium
  • Swelling soils
  • Water
  • Water vapor
• Publication/ Report Number:
  HR-128, ERI-418 Project-665-S
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States
• Edition:
  Final Report
• Corporate Publisher:
  Iowa State Highway Commission
• Abstract:
  X-ray diffraction data during adsorption of water vapor on Na- and Ca-montmorillonites show that interlayer expansion is continuous but nonuniform. X-ray and adsorption isotherm data indicate an ice-like configuration of water molecules is completed with the fourth layer of interlayer water for the Ca-clay; a fifth layer intrudes to give a less ordered structure. Data for the Na-clay indicate a laminar stacking arrangement for up to three layers of interlayer water. The Na-clay adsorbs more than twice as much water and undergoes four times as large a volume change than the Ca-clay. The free energy change during adsorption of water vapor on the Ca-clay is nearly twice that for the Na-clay. Free energy changes with increasing relative pressure reflect interlayer expansion increments.
• Format:
  PDF
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/66643/dot_66643_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 810.71 KB]
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:2994b351d8e27bcaca88bbe70bf7186ff8c5b199318b9cef2f653b2edc876613