Evaluation of Asphalt Base Course Construction and Acceptance Requirements, Phase 1
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2018-11-01
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:Asphalt base is widely used in Ohio. During calendar year 2015, approximately 138,000 yd3 (105,500 m3) of Item 301 Asphalt Base and approximately 531,000 yd3 (406,000 m3) of Item 302 Asphalt Base were placed for ODOT by contract [ODOT, 2015]. Acceptance of asphalt base material, Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Construction and Material Specifications (CMS) Items 301 and 302, is based on plant information, and compaction methods using specified roller types, roller weights, and coverage requirements. There is concern regarding the construction process requirements stemming from acceptance staffing reductions and some cases of premature failures. The purpose of this research was to evaluate ODOT’s current acceptance methods, including an investigation of whether additional testing of the materials is warranted, whether at the plant, at the place of installation, or further specification of the mix design. Tests proposed and conducted for Phase I of this project include: • AASHTO T 166 – Standard Method of Test for Bulk Specific Gravity (GMB) of Compacted Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Using Saturated Surface-Dry Specimens. • AASHTO T 209 – Standard Method of Test for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Hot-Mix Asphalt. The SSD procedure, per ODOT Supplement 1036.01 D 2, was used for cores. • AASHTO T 283 – Standard Method of Test for Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures to Moisture-Induced Damage. • AASHTO TP 124 – Standard Method of Test for Determining the Fracture Potential of Asphalt Mixtures Using Semicircular Bend Geometry (SCB) at Intermediate Temperature. • TEX-245-F – Cantabro Loss. The research team extracted and tested 720 cores from 51 project sites located in 31 counties and 11 of the 12 ODOT Districts. Analysis of the data identified the following opportunities to improve the quality of ODOT asphalt base: • Investigate the use of infrared imaging or nuclear density gage to reduce segregation • Investigate the use of a density specification to reduce measured in-place air voids variability. • Investigate the use of a thickness criteria to reduce the variability of pavement thickness. • Investigate the use of a threshold value for Cantabro mass loss to improve durability of AC base material. • Evaluate the impact of delivery and compaction temperature of the asphalt mixture on in-place air voids and segregation. A plan for Phase 2 research is presented.
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