United States Department of Transportation
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Analysis of Teleworkers’ Experiences, Adoption Evolution and Activity Patterns Through the Pandemic
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2022-12-22
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[PDF-4.48 MB]
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Edition:Final Report 8/1/20 - /31/23
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Abstract:The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered the remote work landscape in the U.S. and there is growing evidence that at least some portion of the remote work trends will stick beyond the pandemic. However, there are many unanswered questions regarding the individual experiences with telework through the pandemic, the evolution of remote work through the pandemic and the potential interaction of remote work with the activity participation behavior, which will have implications for future urban and transportation planning decisions. In this report, we present three studies focused on gaining a deeper understanding of teleworkers’ experiences, adoption evolution through and beyond the pandemic, and their activity participation behavior. In the first study, using data from a U.S. representative sample of 318 working adults, we use a Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause Model(MIMIC) to understand employee satisfaction with telework, which will potentially shape telework adoption decisions beyond the pandemic. In the second study, we undertake a trajectory clustering analysis to reveal and characterize clusters of telework trajectories through and beyond the pandemic. Using agglomerative hierarchical clustering we identify four clusters of telework trajectories with distinct adoption of telework patterns and then used cluster membership modeling to understand occupational and socio-demographic factors associated with these trajectories. We also present a set of binary and ordered probit models to project telework patterns in April 2024, four years since the beginning of the pandemic. Lastly, we study the effect of telework of747 working adults on their activity participation behavior. The three main questions of interest include: What is the effect of telework on the duration spent on out-of-home non-work activities? Does telework increase or decrease the average distance traveled from home to reach out-of-home non-work activities? Is there a telework effect on the time of day chosen to engage in out-of-home non-work activities?
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