Stuart, C., & Riding, K. A. (2022). Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results] (Report No. RR 22-13). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299
Stuart, Cameron and Kyle A Riding. Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results]. Report no. RR 22-13. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299.
Stuart, Cameron, and Kyle A Riding Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022, Report no. RR 22-13, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299.
Railroads have begun to use under tie pads and under ballast mats in rail track construction to better distribute train loads, reduce the track modulus, and increase the tie-to-ballast contact area. Many tunnels, bridges, and track locations with a shallow ballast layer are strong candidates for under tie pads and under ballast mats. This report refers to under tie pads as UTP in the table and figures and as pad(s) in the text. Similarly, the report refers to under ballast mats as UBM in the table and figures and as mat in the text.
Stuart, C., & Riding, K. A. (2022). Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results] (Report No. RR 22-13). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299
Stuart, Cameron and Kyle A Riding. Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results]. Report no. RR 22-13. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299.
Stuart, Cameron, and Kyle A Riding Track Performance in Tunnels and Transitions with Under Tie Pads and Under Ballast Mats [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022, Report no. RR 22-13, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63299.
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