Stuart, C., & Lanza di Scalea, F. (2022). Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results] (Report No. RR 22-14). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235
Stuart, Cameron and Francesco Lanza di Scalea. Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results]. Report no. RR 22-14. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235.
Stuart, Cameron, and Francesco Lanza di Scalea Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022, Report no. RR 22-14, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235.
This report presents a non-contact ultrasonic technique to map the full-field surface deflection of railroad ties using known concepts of sonar-based distance measurements. Between September 2019 and July 2021, the University of California San Diego (UCSD) created a beam with six sonar sensors and performed field testing at the UCSD Rail Defect Testing Facility (RDTF) and at a Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) rail yard in San Diego, CA. The test results indicate the potential of this non-contact system to measure full-field tie deflections in three-dimensions (3D) and possibly detect defective tie-ballast support conditions such as center-binding.
Stuart, C., & Lanza di Scalea, F. (2022). Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results] (Report No. RR 22-14). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235
Stuart, Cameron and Francesco Lanza di Scalea. Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results]. Report no. RR 22-14. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235.
Stuart, Cameron, and Francesco Lanza di Scalea Air-Borne Tie Sonar for Loaded Tie Deflection Measurements [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2022, Report no. RR 22-14, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/63235.
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