United States Department of Transportation
i
Propagation Mitigation Testing Procedures, Modeling, and Analysis
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2022-03-01
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[PDF-7.25 MB]
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Edition:Final
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Abstract:This work explores propagation mitigation in packs of lithium ion pouch cells commonly used in large electric vehicles. Sub-assemblies were constructed of three cells wired in series used to build the full test pack by wiring three of the sub-assemblies together in parallel. Abuse tests were then used to initiate failure within a single cell in either the sub-assembly or pack. In this work, we developed a numerical model to capture damage propagation within lithium ion cells and modules in which thermal runaway is triggered using different initiation methods. The interplay of three parameters for passive thermal management on thermal runaway mitigation was numerically studied, including thermal mass of metallic inserts, thermal contact resistance between components, and cooling rate. Based on these results, we found that connecting metallic inserts between cells instead of using separate metallic inserts between cells is more helpful for thermal runaway mitigation since the former can take advantage of total thermal mass of metallic inserts, while the latter only of the thermal mass of individual metallic inserts next to the damaged cell.
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