Improvement of Park-and-Ride Facilities and Services in Metropolitan Areas of Tennessee
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2021-06-25
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Alternative Title:Improvement of Park-and-Ride Facilities and Services in Metropolitan Areas of Tennessee: Optimal Placement of Park-and-Ride Facilities [cover title and sub-title]
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Edition:Final Report: August 2018 - June 2021
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Abstract:Strategic placement of park-and-ride (P&R) facilities is extremely important to ensure the facilities are effectively utilized by commuters, avoiding oversubscription or underutilization after placement. This report develops a framework that integrates a demand model and an optimization model to study the optimal placement of P&R facilities to maximize the total number of commuters who switch from single occupancy vehicles (SOVs) to public transit. The models and results are presented through a case study for the City of Nashville, a major metropolitan area in the State of Tennessee, US. The framework first develops a P&R demand model through a discrete choice model, specifically the multinomial logit model, to characterize the mode choice behavior of individuals in a multimodal network. Next, it leverages the estimated proportion of commuters that are expected to switch to P&Rs from alternatives in a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model to prescribe the optimal locations of P&R facilities. Model calibration is performed using the literature and available data. The results of the case study are then presented and sensitivity analysis is performed to provide further insights. Finally, an analysis is performed to examine the potential benefits of replacing the P&R facilities with transit-oriented developments (TODs). The results of the case study suggest that the optimal placement of P&R facilities has the potential to improve the network performance and reduce emission. In addition, in this particular case study, P&R facilities generally remain more favorable compared with TODs.
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