Traffic Jam Dynamics in Stochastic Cellular Automata

Details

• Creators:
  Nagel, Kai ; Schreckenberg, Michael
• Corporate Creators:
  Los Alamos National Laboratory
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Federal Highway Administration ; United States. Department of Transportation. Bureau of Transportation Statistics ; United States. Federal Transit Administration ; United States. Environmental Protection Agency ; Travel Model Improvement Program (U.S.)
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Traffic flow
  • Mathematical models
  • Cellular automata
  • Traffic congestion
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States
• Corporate Publisher:
  United States. Federal Highway Administration
• Abstract:
  Simple models for particles hopping on a grid (cellular automata) are used to simulate (single lane) traffic flow. Despite their simplicity, these models are astonishingly realistic in reproducing start-stop-waves and realistic fundamental diagrams. One can use these models to investigate traffic phenomena near maximum flow. A so-called phase transition at average maximum flow is visible in the life-times of jams. The resulting dynamic picture is consistent with recent fluid-dynamical results by Kuehne/Kerner/Konhaeuser, and with Treiterer`s hysteresis description. This places CA models between car-following models and fluid-dynamical models for traffic flow. CA models are tested in projects in Los Alamos (USA) and in NRW (Germany) for large scale microsimulations of network traffic.
• Format:
  PDF
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/57255/dot_57255_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 769.96 KB]
• Collection(s):
  Federal Highway Administration
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:99f02db04d33453c576f1ae5dfc9bcc1c88f6fe7fbb87536ca72735ec9ec16f15fda973b426dfc48358ce1870f651f16a492614e788eb7a4482b6e4dce3fe7e6