Campbell, T., Parida, B., Ross, J. C., & Zaouk, A. K. (2021). Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2 (Report No. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939
Campbell, Thomas, Basant Parida, Jason C. Ross, and Abdullatif K. Zaouk. Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2. Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2021. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939.
Campbell, Thomas, et al. Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2021, Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939.
The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) sponsored a project to demonstrate the effectiveness of an Acoustical Warning Device (AWD) to be used for generating a secondary Emergency Warning Signal (EWS). The focus of this Phase 2 work is to warn trespassers of an approaching train through the development of an EWS that produces a sense of urgency, is noticeable to wearers of headphones, and identifiable as a train. Several EWS sounds were developed and evaluated in surveys to assess the participant’s response of the sense of urgency and detectability. Researchers identified sound characteristics that enhance detectability.
Campbell, T., Parida, B., Ross, J. C., & Zaouk, A. K. (2021). Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2 (Report No. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939
Campbell, Thomas, Basant Parida, Jason C. Ross, and Abdullatif K. Zaouk. Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2. Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2021. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939.
Campbell, Thomas, et al. Acoustical Warning Devices as Emergency Warning Signals, Phase 2. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. Office of Research, Development, and Technology, 2021, Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-21/13, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54939.
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