Accessibility, Experimentation, and the Evaluation of Transportation Developments for Disadvantaged Groups

Details

• Creators:
  Schmitt, Rolf R.
• Corporate Creators:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  Accessibility Aged Children Common Carriers Distance Equity (Justice) Low Income Groups Persons With Disabilities Private Transportation Public Transit Time Transportation Disadvantaged Persons Trip Distribution Urban Travel

  More +
• Publication/ Report Number:
  78-17969 UMI
• Resource Type:
  Dissertation
• Geographical Coverage:
  Baltimore (Maryland)
• Corporate Publisher:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Abstract:
  This study examines the methods used for evaluating transportation developments, particularly those for disadvantaged groups. Two methodological questions are examined: what measures characterize the social condition to be ameliorated, most effectively utilized? and in what evaluation framework are these measures The social condition is interpreted as a problem of accessibility. Several accessibility measures are examined, including a new measure -the mean opportunity distance of trips -which is obtained from the intervening opportunities model of spatial interaction. Three frameworks of evaluation, based respectively on predictive models, demonstration projects, and experimental designs, are reviewed. When used in a recursive process of implementation and evaluation, the experimental design framework is shown to be most effective and least used. A major strength of this framework is its explicit consideration of threats to the validity of measured changes. Threats to validity related to geographic space and designs for their control are examined in the transportation context. Finally, the accessibility measure obtained from the intervening opportunities model is applied in the experimental design framework to an innovative, subsidiary transit service in Baltimore, Maryland. The measure is found to be suitable as an evaluation tool.
• Format:
  PDF
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:9c409dd040a3b2322a62f83e31695ec56600ad3effc8b0f7488dbb4cfac76f3d
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/54668/dot_54668_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 12.52 MB ]