Marine transportation : federal financing and an infrastructure investment framework
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2002-09-01
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Abstract:During fiscal years 1999, 2000, and 2001, federal expenditures for the
commercial marine transportation system averaged $3.9 billion per year.
Funding for about 80 percent of these expenditures came from the U.S.
Treasury’s general fund.6 During this same period, federal agencies
collected about $1 billion each year from marine transportation system
users. Most of these collections were credited to trust fund accounts that, by law, are dedicated to maritime-related activities such as improving
inland waterways or supporting harbor maintenance. In addition, customs
duties levied on commodities imported through the marine transportation
system averaged about $15.2 billion each year, most of which were
deposited in the U.S. Treasury’s general fund.
During the same three-year period, federal expenditures for aviation and
highway transportation systems averaged $10 billion and $25 billion,
respectively, each year. Unlike the funding approach for the marine
transportation system, which relies extensively on general tax revenue, the
federal funding approach for aviation and highway relies almost
exclusively on assessments on users of the transportation systems. During
this period, federal agencies collected an average of $11 billion each year
from users of the aviation transportation system and an average of $34
billion each year from users of the highway transportation system.8 As
with the marine transportation system, most of these collections were
credited to trust fund accounts. Figure 1 summarizes the expenditure and
assessment comparisons across the three transportation systems. In
addition, customs duties for commodities imported through the aviation
and highway systems averaged $3.7 billion and $928 million, respectively,
per year.
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