Graybeal, B. A. (2009). Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder (Report No. FHWA-HRT-10-026). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254
Graybeal, Benjamin A.. Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder. Report no. FHWA-HRT-10-026. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, 2009. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254.
Graybeal, Benjamin A. Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, 2009, Report no. FHWA-HRT-10-026, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254.
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an advanced cementitious composite material which has been developed in recent decades. When compared to more conventional cement-based concrete materials, UHPC tends to exhibit superior properties such as increased durability, strength, and long-term stability. This experimental investigation focused on the further development and structural testing of a newly developed highway bridge girder cross section, namely the pi-girder. This girder was developed and optimized specifically to exploit the advanced mechanical and durability properties of UHPC. Structural testing was completed on full-scale girders to investigate the transverse flexural response and the longitudinal joint structural behavior. The 2nd generation pi-girder system surpassed the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification demands for which it was designed.
Graybeal, B. A. (2009). Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder (Report No. FHWA-HRT-10-026). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254
Graybeal, Benjamin A.. Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder. Report no. FHWA-HRT-10-026. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, 2009. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254.
Graybeal, Benjamin A. Structural Behavior of a 2nd Generation Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girder. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, 2009, Report no. FHWA-HRT-10-026, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50254.
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