El-Sibale, M. (1992). Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques (Report No. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31). United States. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507
El-Sibale, Magdy. Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques. Report no. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31. United States. Federal Highway Administration, 1992. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507.
El-Sibale, Magdy Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques. United States. Federal Highway Administration, 1992, Report no. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507.
The test car was used to evaluate the safe curving limits of two candidate cars, namely the Frontrunner and the 89-foot flatcar, under buff and draft loads of up to 250,000 pounds (113,400 kg) and for a 10-degree curve. The tests, supported by analysis, showed that coupling of the Frontrunner to the 89-foot (27 m) flatcar reduces the flatcar's ability to negotiate curves safely for draft loads higher than 220,000 pounds (99.660 kg) and buff loads higher than 180,000 pounds (81,540 kg).
El-Sibale, M. (1992). Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques (Report No. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31). United States. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507
El-Sibale, Magdy. Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques. Report no. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31. United States. Federal Highway Administration, 1992. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507.
El-Sibale, Magdy Dynamic Buff and Draft Testing Techniques. United States. Federal Highway Administration, 1992, Report no. DOT-FRA-ORD-92-31, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40507.
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