Rational load rating of deck-girder bridges with girder end shear cracks in reverse orientation.
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Rational load rating of deck-girder bridges with girder end shear cracks in reverse orientation.

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English
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  • Creators:
  • Corporate Creators:
    Kansas State University. Transportation Center
  • Corporate Contributors:
    Kansas. Dept. of Transportation. Bureau of Research
  • Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Publication/ Report Number:
    Report No. K-TRAN: KSU-15-2
  • Resource Type:
    Tech Report
  • Geographical Coverage:
  • Corporate Publisher:
    Kansas. Dept. of Transportation. Bureau of Research
  • Abstract:
    Reverse diagonal shear cracking at reinforced concrete girder supports affects many low-volume bridges built

    in the early 1900s in Kansas. This phenomenon, however, is not addressed in the American Association of State

    Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO, 2002) Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges or American

    Concrete Institute specifications. This study investigates causes of this cracking and develops Bridge Rating of

    Inclined Damage at Girder Ends (BRIDGE), an Excel-based software, to determine load rating of a user-specified

    bridge with reverse diagonal shear cracking at girder supports. A user interface creates a grillage model of an existing

    bridge and places various rating trucks on the bridge. Equivalent flexibility analysis distributes truck live loads within

    deck panels to surrounding girders and diaphragms. Stiffness matrices are utilized to find nodal displacements and

    reactions at the girder supports caused by truck live loads and bridge dead load. These reactions are checked against

    RISA software models to test the accuracy of the stiffness matrix application. ABAQUS FE models and Mohr’s circle

    stress distribution determine driving and clamping forces on the crack due to resolution of dead and live load reactions

    and friction force generated between the concrete girder and rusty steel bearing pad along the shear crack orientation.

    In addition to the simplified modified compression field theory, these clamping and driving forces are used to

    determine the shear capacity of each girder at the reverse cracks. A modified version of Equation 6B.4.1 from the

    Manual for Bridge Evaluation (AASHTO, 2011) is used to find operating and inventory rating factors (RFs) for the

    bridge.

    The BRIDGE program, used to load rate Bridge No. 54-104-15.45, yielded reasonable RFs for various trucks

    and reduced girder widths. The operating RFs were consistently above 1 and the inventory RFs were below 1,

    indicating that the decision to load post this bridge is based on the engineer’s judgment.

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