Biological inflammatory and metabolic effects of petro- and bio-diesel exhaust particulate matter emissions from a light-duty diesel engine.

Details

• Creators:
  Fukagawa, Naomi K. ; Holmén, Britt A.
• Corporate Creators:
  University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Dept. of Transportation
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Biodiesel fuels
  • Diesel engine exhaust gases
  • Public health
  • Particulates
  • Air pollution
  • Diseases and medical conditions
  • Metabolism
  • Gender
• Publication/ Report Number:
  TRC Report # 15-009
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  Vermont
• Corporate Publisher:
  University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
• Abstract:
  Sustainability of our transportation system depends on making well-informed choices on ; vehicle energy sources for human and goods mobility. Motor vehicles operating on fossil ; fuels are a significant source of air pollution risk and challenge the ability of humans to ; mitigate climate change. Biodiesel is a low carbon fuel substitute for petroleum diesel, ; but relatively little is known about how exposure to biodiesel combustion particles affects ; chronic diseases such as asthma and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study ; examined the effect of particulate matter (PM) generated by the combustion of ; commercially available petrodiesel and soybean biodiesel fuels on inflammation and ; metabolic dysfunction using two types of in vivo experiments. To evaluate inflammation ; response, oropharyngeal 3-day exposures of females to B20 (20% biodiesel/80% ; petrodiesel by volume) and B0 (100% petrodiesel) particles from a light-duty diesel ; engine operating on a semi-transient cycle were followed by lung fluid and tissue ; biochemical analysis. Prenatal exposure effects on offspring growth and metabolism were ; evaluated by maternal exposure during gestational days 9-17 (delivery 18-20 days) and ; monitoring offspring for 12 months. Prenatal exposure to exhaust PM from petrodiesel ; fuel combustion had different metabolic effects in male vs. female offspring. For B20 ; exhaust PM, the number of offspring was too low to detect differences. The results of this ; study suggest that males and females may have differential risk for metabolic dysfunction ; after prenatal exposure during gestation. Future studies should be conducted to quantify ; sex-specific effects on exposure to vehicle exhaust PM from biodiesel fuel blends.
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• Format:
  PDF
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/29353/dot_29353_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 471.63 KB]
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:9a929691e2136beda58b64d5e799bf78efbd33563a3185e309db2f9357c77212