Details:

Creators:
Fukagawa, Naomi K. ; Holmén, Britt A.
Fukagawa, Naomi K. ; Holmén, Britt A. Less -
Corporate Creators:
University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
Corporate Contributors:
United States. Dept. of Transportation
Subject/TRT Terms:
[+]
Air Pollution Biodiesel Fuels Diesel Engine Exhaust Gases Diseases And Medical Conditions Gender Metabolism Particulates Public Health
Publication/ Report Number:
TRC Report # 15-009
Resource Type:
Tech Report
Geographical Coverage:
Vermont
Corporate Publisher:
University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
Abstract:
Sustainability of our transportation system depends on making well-informed choices on

vehicle energy sources for human and goods mobility. Motor vehicles operating on fossil

fuels are a significant source of air pollution risk and challenge the ability of humans to

mitigate climate change. Biodiesel is a low carbon fuel substitute for petroleum diesel,

but relatively little is known about how exposure to biodiesel combustion particles affects

chronic diseases such as asthma and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study

examined the effect of particulate matter (PM) generated by the combustion of

commercially available petrodiesel and soybean biodiesel fuels on inflammation and

metabolic dysfunction using two types of in vivo experiments. To evaluate inflammation

response, oropharyngeal 3-day exposures of females to B20 (20% biodiesel/80%

petrodiesel by volume) and B0 (100% petrodiesel) particles from a light-duty diesel

engine operating on a semi-transient cycle were followed by lung fluid and tissue

biochemical analysis. Prenatal exposure effects on offspring growth and metabolism were

evaluated by maternal exposure during gestational days 9-17 (delivery 18-20 days) and

monitoring offspring for 12 months. Prenatal exposure to exhaust PM from petrodiesel

fuel combustion had different metabolic effects in male vs. female offspring. For B20

exhaust PM, the number of offspring was too low to detect differences. The results of this

study suggest that males and females may have differential risk for metabolic dysfunction

after prenatal exposure during gestation. Future studies should be conducted to quantify

sex-specific effects on exposure to vehicle exhaust PM from biodiesel fuel blends.


Format:
PDF
Collection(s):
US Transportation Collection
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:9a929691e2136beda58b64d5e799bf78efbd33563a3185e309db2f9357c77212
Download URL:
https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/29353/dot_29353_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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