Biological inflammatory and metabolic effects of petro- and bio-diesel exhaust particulate matter emissions from a light-duty diesel engine.

Details

• Creators:
  Fukagawa, Naomi K. ; Holmén, Britt A.
• Corporate Creators:
  University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Dept. of Transportation
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  Air Pollution Biodiesel Fuels Diesel Engine Exhaust Gases Diseases And Medical Conditions Gender Metabolism Particulates Public Health
• Publication/ Report Number:
  TRC Report # 15-009
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  Vermont
• Corporate Publisher:
  University of Vermont. Transportation Research Center
• Abstract:
  Sustainability of our transportation system depends on making well-informed choices on
  
  vehicle energy sources for human and goods mobility. Motor vehicles operating on fossil
  
  fuels are a significant source of air pollution risk and challenge the ability of humans to
  
  mitigate climate change. Biodiesel is a low carbon fuel substitute for petroleum diesel,
  
  but relatively little is known about how exposure to biodiesel combustion particles affects
  
  chronic diseases such as asthma and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study
  
  examined the effect of particulate matter (PM) generated by the combustion of
  
  commercially available petrodiesel and soybean biodiesel fuels on inflammation and
  
  metabolic dysfunction using two types of in vivo experiments. To evaluate inflammation
  
  response, oropharyngeal 3-day exposures of females to B20 (20% biodiesel/80%
  
  petrodiesel by volume) and B0 (100% petrodiesel) particles from a light-duty diesel
  
  engine operating on a semi-transient cycle were followed by lung fluid and tissue
  
  biochemical analysis. Prenatal exposure effects on offspring growth and metabolism were
  
  evaluated by maternal exposure during gestational days 9-17 (delivery 18-20 days) and
  
  monitoring offspring for 12 months. Prenatal exposure to exhaust PM from petrodiesel
  
  fuel combustion had different metabolic effects in male vs. female offspring. For B20
  
  exhaust PM, the number of offspring was too low to detect differences. The results of this
  
  study suggest that males and females may have differential risk for metabolic dysfunction
  
  after prenatal exposure during gestation. Future studies should be conducted to quantify
  
  sex-specific effects on exposure to vehicle exhaust PM from biodiesel fuel blends.
  
  
• Format:
  PDF
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha256:9a929691e2136beda58b64d5e799bf78efbd33563a3185e309db2f9357c77212
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/29353/dot_29353_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 471.63 KB ]