United States Department of Transportation
i
A bicycle network analysis tool for planning applications in small communities.
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2015-05-01
[PDF-2.14 MB]
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Abstract:Non-motorized transportation modes such as bicycles constitute an important part of a
community’s transportation system; they are vital to the success of transit-oriented developments
(TODs). However, bicycles were often ignored in transportation planning and in travel demand
forecasting modeling. At best, they were treated as a byproduct in the planning process. In
addition, many cities have begun to invest and promote cycling as a healthy, environmentally
friendly, and economical alternative mode of travel to motorized vehicles (especially private
motorized vehicles). However, the current practice in modeling bicycle trips in a network is
inadequate. Only a few research efforts focus on network analysis for bicycle trips (e.g.,
Klobucar and Fricker, 2007; Broach et al., 2011; Mekuria et al., 2012). These methods provide
an initial effort to develop a traffic assignment method for bicycle trips, but they are too
simplistic (i.e., simply based on all-or-nothing (AON) assignment method using a single
attractiveness measure (e.g., distance, safety, or a composite measure of safety multiplied by
distance).
Compared with route choice behavior for drivers of private motorized vehicles, route choice
behavior for cyclists is much more complex; there are many influential factors affecting cyclist
route choice decisions. Many empirical studies on bicycle route choice analysis indicate that
cyclists choose routes based on a number of criteria (e.g., distance, number of intersections, road
grade, bike facility, safety, etc.). Due to a diverse set of influential factors in bicycle travel,
many route planners provide a variety of bicycle routes based on different factors (e.g., least
elevation gain route, shortest distance route, safest route, least accident route, bike friendly route,
lowest pollution route, route with green space, etc.) to satisfy the requirements of different
cyclists (see Table 1.1). Note that all these provided routes are based on a single objective (i.e.,
shortest path based on distance or safest route based on some measure of safety).
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