United States Department of Transportation
i
0-6763 : accounting for electric vehicles in air quality conformity.
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2014-08-01
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[PDF-256.39 KB]
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Abstract:Electric vehicles (EVs) are broadly defined as
vehicles that obtain at least a part of the energy
required for their propulsion from electricity. This
research focused on the three main types of EVs:
Hybrid electric vehicles.
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
Battery electric vehicles.
In recent years, several new and affordable models
of these types of vehicles have become available,
and the market for EVs continues to grow.
The increased proliferation of EVs is of importance
to transportation agencies for a variety of reasons,
ranging from revenue implications, to
infrastructure and operational support needs.
Another aspect is the implications for emissions
and energy use. By obtaining part or all of the
energy needed for propulsion from electricity, EVs
can potentially achieve higher energy efficiencies
and result in less exhaust emissions when
compared to conventional vehicles powered solely
by internal combustion engines. However, there is
limited research on the emissions implications of
increased EVs in the vehicle fleet. Additionally, in
the case of plug-in hybrids and battery electric
vehicles, the energy consumption and emissions
associated with grid electricity used for charging
the vehicle batteries also need to be considered.
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