United States Department of Transportation
i
Effect of portland cement (current ASTM C150/AASHTO M85) with limestone and process addition (ASTM C465/AASHTO M327) on the performance of concrete for pavement and bridge decks.
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2014-02-01
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Abstract:The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) is making several changes to concrete mix designs, using revisions to
cement specification ASTM C150/AASHTO M85 and ASTM C465/AASHTO M327. These proposed revisions will enable the
use of more sustainable materials for concrete pavements, overlays, and bridge decks. Accordingly, a study was conducted
by the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) to test the performance of concrete mixes batched with cement comprising
less (conventional) and more (modified) than 5% by weight of limestone and inorganic processing additions (IPA) specified
in ASTM C465/AASHTO M327, and/or insoluble residue (IR) with quantity above the specified limit by ASTM C150.
Twenty-four concrete mixes with different cementitious combinations and aggregates were developed for this study. Each
cement source was batched in a concrete mixture by replacing 30% of the total cement content with supplementary
cementitious materials (SCMs), fly ash, or slag. Also, each cementitious combination was batched with fine aggregates
(either natural or combined sand) and coarse aggregate (crushed limestone).
The study included measuring fresh properties such as the slump, air content, unit weight, and setting time. The hardened
properties included measuring the strength and durability for each concrete mix combination. The strength results were
measured in terms of compressive and flexural strength, and the durability results were measured in terms of rapid
chloride penetration resistance (coulombs), water permeability (DIN 1048), chloride ion penetration, and freeze/thaw tests
of the concrete mixes.
The study found similar performance in terms of strength and durability of concrete between the conventional and
modified cements and demonstrated their performance with SCMs replacements and fine aggregate types.
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