Simplifying Bridge Expansion Joint Design and Maintenance
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2011-10-19
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Edition:Project report; Aug. 2008-Oct. 2011.
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Abstract:This report presents a study focused on identifying the most durable expansion joints for the South
Carolina Department of Transportation. This is performed by proposing a degradation model for the
expansion joints and updating it based on bridge inspections.
Open expansion joints and pourable joint seal were found to be the best performing joints based on
the proposed degradation models. Assembly joints and compression joint seal have an intermediate
performance and strip seal expansion joints have the lowest performance of the type of expansion
joints studied. Assembly joints are found to be problematic because of the different moving parts
composing the joint. A significant number of bridge joint failures are caused because of incorrect
installation, in particular, joints with complex anchor systems between the bridge deck and
expansion joint.
The SCDOT standards were found to be up to date and comparable to other DOT standards in terms
of the design and installation aspects of bridge joints. A recommendation is made to request a
warranty for the installation of the when appropriate. Other general best practices during the
installation of the expansion joint include: i) when possible, install joints when the ambient
temperature is the average of the range of temperatures in the area. This allows the joint to be
installed close to the “undeformed” position of the bridge, ii) the support of the joint should be
installed in good quality, cured concrete, iii) avoid spliced of any pre-manufactured material. If
splices cannot be avoided, place the splice outside the wheel path.
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