United States Department of Transportation
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Abstract:IVHS systems influence four kinds of decisions that drivers make during their trip. The
corresponding tasks that IVHS systems carry out are route and flow control, congestion
control, vehicle coordination, and spacing. A comparison of two scenarios shows how IVHS
influence over vehicle behavior can range from minor (under a strategy limited to providing
information and advice) to major (under full automation which preempts driver control).
The four IVHS tasks have three differentiating features: time scale or the time available to
carry out the task; spatial scope or the impact of executing the task on the traffic system;
and information span or the extent of information needed to carry out the task.
An IVHS architecture organized in a hierarchy of four layers - network, link, coordination.
and regulation - is proposed. This hierarchy resolves in a natural way the
three differentiating features. The architecture can accommodate a wide range of automation
strategies from the simplest, which limits itself to providing driver information. to
the most complex. which achieves total control of the vehicle. The architecture permits
the incorporation of new functional capabilities over time, and encourages a decentralized
implementation of IVHS tasks.
An open architecture specification is urged as a means to promote rapid development
of IVHS and to ensure the interworking of independent, subsystem implementations. It is
also suggested that IVHS standards should be specified in a formal-mathematical language
to simplify later problems of design validation and conformance testing of products.
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