United States Department of Transportation
i
Investigate existing non-intrusive (NII) technologies for port cargo inspections.
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2011-09-01
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[PDF-1.65 MB]
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Abstract:"The quantity of cargo handled by United States ports has increased significantly in recent years. Based on
2004 data, almost 2.7 billion tons of cargo passed through the ports in one year. To protect the U.S., all of this
cargo must be inspected by U.S. Customs Border Protection (CBP) officials in the most effective manner
possible. Existing non-intrusive inspection (NII) technologies have significant strengths, but they also have
some weaknesses, such as a low detection rate and a long inspection time. Fortunately, there are newer and
more advanced technologies that can be used to inspect cargo with higher accuracy and less delay. The goal of
this research was to identify the most effective and efficient combination of NII technologies for inspecting
cargo arriving at U.S. ports. For this purpose, a discrete-event simulation model was developed to simulate the
cargo inspection procedure. By simulating the operations of different combinations of NII technologies, the
effectiveness and efficiency of the various combinations were evaluated. This information was used to
provide recommendations about the most effective and efficient combinations of NII technologies for
detecting a wide range of contraband. The results of this research are helpful in making decisions concerning
the appropriate choices of NII technologies for use in inspecting cargo that is entering U.S. ports."
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