Variations in Time-to-Incapacitation and Blood Cyanide Values for Rats Exposed to Two Hydrogen Cyanide Gas Concentration

Chaturvedi, Arvind K.; Endecott, Boyd R.; Ritter, Roxane M.; Sanders, Donald C.; Civil Aeromedical Institute

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Variations in Time-to-Incapacitation and Blood Cyanide Values for Rats Exposed to Two Hydrogen Cyanide Gas Concentration

1993-05-01
By Chaturvedi, Arvind K. ; Endecott, Boyd R. ; Ritter, Roxane M. ; ...

[PDF-649.18 KB]

English

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Creators:

Chaturvedi, Arvind K. ; Endecott, Boyd R. ; Ritter, Roxane M. ; Sanders, Donald C.

Chaturvedi, Arvind K. ; Endecott, Boyd R. ; Ritter, Roxane M. ; Sanders, Donald C. Less -
Corporate Creators:

Civil Aeromedical Institute
Corporate Contributors:

United States. Office of Aviation Medicine
Subject/TRT Terms:

[+]

Aircraft Accidents Air Transportation Crashes Blood--Analysis Blood Analysis Combustion Gases Experiments Fire Gases, Asphyxiating And Poisonous Hydrocyanic Acid--Toxicity Testing Laboratory Animals Poisonous Gases Rats Rats As Laboratory Animals Smoke Toxicity Toxicology
Publication/ Report Number:

DOT/FAA/AM-93/8
Resource Type:

Tech Report
Geographical Coverage:

United States
Corporate Publisher:

Civil Aerospace Medical Institute
Abstract:

It has been suggested that protective breathing devices protect aircraft passengers from combustion products for 5 min. during evacuation and for 35 min. during in-flight-plus-evacuation. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), a combustion gas, produces incapacitation at relatively low concentrations, and time-to-incapacitation (ti) is an applicable index for predicting escape from a fire. Variations in ti and blood cyanide (CN-) at specific HCN gas exposure concentrations have not been evaluated. Therefore, ti and blood CN- at ti for two HCN concentrations that produce 5- and 35 min ti were determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood CN- levels as a function of HCN exposure time were measured.

Animals were individually exposed to HCN gas in a chamber equipped with a rotating cage, and ti was recorded as the time from insertion of the animal into the cage until it could no longer walk. At incapacitation and at selected intervals prior to ti, rats were quickly removed from the cage and killed for blood collection and CN- quantitation. Chamber HCN concentrations were monitored during the exposures. For the 5-min. test (mean ± SD; n = 50), HCN gas = 184 ± 10.0 ppm, ti = 5.1 ± 0.8 min., and blood CN- = 2.3 ± 0.5 mg/mL; for the 35-min. test, HCN gas - 64 ± 6.1 ppm, ti = 31.1 ± 11.2 min., and blood CN=4.2 ± 1.3 mg/mL. Blood CN- levels increased as a function of HCN exposure time, but the blood CN- level at the 5-min. ti was half of the 35-min. blood CN- level; the HCN gas uptake rate at 184 ppm was about 3 times that at 64 ppm.

These findings suggest that the blood CN- level at incapacitation may vary substantially, depending upon the HCN exposure concentration; an equation is proposed for predicting blood CN-levels in rats.
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PDF
Collection(s):

FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute US Transportation Collection
Main Document Checksum:

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urn:sha256:530b0e26dfca6b6ca3d87bb688c11016e38e09e8da410948c67bdc000dc1c9d1
Download URL:

https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/21359/dot_21359_DS1.pdf
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Variations in Time-to-Incapacitation and Blood Cyanide Values for Rats Exposed to Two Hydrogen Cyanide Gas Concentration

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