Effect of Michigan multi-axle trucks on pavement distress and profile: executive summary.
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2009-02-01
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Edition:Executive summary.
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Abstract:Truck traffic is a major factor in pavement design because truck loads are the primary cause of
pavement distresses. Trucks have different axle configurations that cause different levels of
pavement damage. The American Association of State Highway Transportations Officials
(AASHTO) pavement design procedure only accounts for single and tandem axles used in the
AASHO road test and uses extrapolation to estimate the damage due to tridem axles. Truck axle
configurations and weights have significantly changed since the AASHO road study was
conducted in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s. There remain concerns about the effect of newer
axle configurations on pavement damage, which are unaccounted for in the AASHTO procedure.
The State of Michigan is unique in permitting several heavy truck axle configurations that are
composed of up to 11 axles, sometimes with up to 8 axles within one axle group. Therefore,
there is a need to quantify the relative pavement damage resulting from these multiple axle
trucks. The objective of this research study is to determine the effect of heavy multi-axle
Michigan trucks on pavement distress by quantifying the effects of trucks with different axle
configurations (single, tandem and multi-axles) on pavement damage. This was done by
determining Axle Factors (AF) from laboratory and mechanistic analyses and then calculating
Truck Factors (TF) using these AF and the AASHTO Load Equivalency Factors (LEF).
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