United States Department of Transportation
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NTL Classification:NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-Environment Impacts;NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT;
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Abstract:Manufacturers are increasingly recycling and remanufacturing their postconsumed
products due to new, more rigid environmental legislation,
increased public awareness, and extended manufacturer responsibility. In
addition, the economic attractiveness of reusing products, subassemblies or
parts instead of disposing off them has further fueled this effort. Recycling is a process performed to retrieve the material content of used and nonfunctioning
products. Remanufacturing, however, is an industrial process in which
worn-out products are restored to like-new conditions. Thus, remanufacturing
provides the quality standards of new products with used parts.
Product recovery seeks to obtain materials and parts from old or outdated
products through recycling and remanufacturing to minimize the amount of
waste sent to landfi lls. This includes the reuse of parts and products. There
are many attributes of a product that enhance product recovery; examples
include: ease of disassembly, modularity, type and compatibility of materials
used, material identifi cation markings, and effi cient cross-industrial
reuse of common parts/materials. The fi rst crucial step of product recovery
is disassembly.
Disassembly is defi ned as the methodical extraction of valuable parts/
subassemblies and materials from discarded products through a series of
operations. After disassembly, reusable parts/subassemblies are cleaned,
refurbished, tested, and directed to the part/subassembly inventory for
remanufacturing operations. The recyclable materials can be sold to rawmaterial
suppliers, while the residuals are sent to landfi lls.
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