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Hydraulic forces on submerged bridge decks.
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2008-09-01
[PDF-3.48 MB]
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Edition:Final report
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Abstract:Bridge decks can be subjected to large horizontal forces when overtopping occurs. These forces may result in the displacement of bridge decks from the bents. This paper reports on the results of a laboratory study of horizontal forces on bridge decks under submerged, steady flow conditions with tailwater elevations above the top of the bridge deck. Momentum analysis was used to determine the horizontal force on model bridge decks subjected to overtopping. Empirical equations were developed that expressed the dimensionless horizontal force per unit bridge width as functions of the approach flow Froude number and dimensionless geometric parameters. The empirical equation with the smallest standard error was used to determine the resultant horizontal force on a prototype bridge using the output from the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS Version 3.1.3) one-dimensional, hydraulic model.
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