Temperature predictions and adjustment factors for asphalt pavement
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Temperature predictions and adjustment factors for asphalt pavement

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    Final Report
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    CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . 1

    BACKGROUND .. . 1

    PROJECT SCOPE. . . . . . 1

    REPORT ORGANIZATION. . . . . . . 1

    CHAPTER 2. DATA SOURCE. . . . . . . . . . . 3

    CHAPTER 3. DATA DEVELOPMENT FOR ANALYSIS .. . . 7

    DATA COLLECTION .. . . . . . . 7

    Temperature Data . . . . . .. . . 7

    Temperature Depth Data . . .. . . 10

    DATA PROCESSING FOR ANALYSIS . . .. . . 10

    Thermistor Data . . .. . 11

    Manual Temperatures . .. 11

    Surface Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 11

    Creating the Data Analysis Files . . .. . . . . 11

    Comparison of Resulting Temperatures . . .. . . . . . 13

    Stability of the Manual Temperatures . . .. . . . . . . 14

    Infrared Sensor Calibrations . .. . . . . . . 14

    CHAPTER 4. TEMPERATURE PREDICTION MODELS . . . . . . . . 21

    PREDICTION MODELS . . . . . . . 21

    BELLS Model . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

    Development of BELLS2 . . .. . . . . . . . . . 22

    Shading Effect on Infrared Measurements . .. . . . . 25

    BELLS2 for Production Testing . .. . . . . . . . . 26

    Validation of the BELLS Models . .. . . . . . . . . 26

    Recommended BELLS Models, Round 1 and Round 2 Combined .. . . 27

    CHAPTER 5. TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENTS FOR BACKCALCULATED

    ASPHALT MODULI . .. . . . 29

    BACKCALCULATED ASPHALT MODULI .. . . 29

    Backcalculation Results . . . . . . 30

    Analysis Approach .. . . . . . . 30

    TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT OF BACKCALCULATED ASPHALT MODULI . . . . . . 37

    VALIDATION OF THE TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

    CHAPTER 6. TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENT FOR BASIN SHAPE FACTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

    BASIN SHAPE FACTOR DEFINITIONS . . .. . . . . . . . . 43

    AREA Shape Factor . . .. . . . . . . . . . 43

    F-1 Shape Factor . . . 43

    Deflection Basin Delta Shape Factors . . . . . . 44

    Deflection Basin Ratio Factors . . . . . 44

    TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIPS . . . . . 44

    Analysis Discussion . . . . . . . . . . 44

    Development of the Regression Models . . . .. . . . . . . . 45

    Basin Shape Models . . . . . 47

    MODEL VALIDATION . . . 49

    Comparison of Round 1 and Round 2 Data .. . . . . . . . . . . . 49

    TEMPERATURE ADJUSTMENTS .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

    Temperature Adjustment for Deflection Under the Load Plate .. . . . 51

    Temperature Adjustments for Basin Shape Factors .. . . . . . . . . 54

    CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .. . . . . 57

    CONCLUSIONS . . . .. . . . . . . . . 57

    RECOMMENDATIONS . . .. . . . . . . . . . 57

    Temperature Prediction With the BELLS Models . .. . . . 57

    APPENDIX. DRAFT STANDARDS . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

    REFERENCES . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 71

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