United States Department of Transportation
i
Greenhouse Gas Control Strategies: A Review of “Before-and-After” Studies
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1999-11-12
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By Cambridge Systematics ...
[PDF-132.09 KB]
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Abstract:The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is participating in an Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) research effort to compile and evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement policies. One aspect of this research requires data on before and after studies of GHG reduction strategies implemented in the U.S. This paper summarizes the results of a literature search on such assessments of U.S. efforts to reduce GHG emission from on-highway vehicles and public transit modes. The actual number of strategies implemented in the U.S. that affect GHG emissions from the on-highway transportation sector are relatively few. The most prominent of these is the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards program, which required each auto manufacturer selling cars and light trucks in the U.S. to meet or exceed a fuel economy standard on a fleet average basis. A less widely know regulation requires vehicles with very low fuel economy to pay a graduated tax known as the Gas Guzzler Tax that can be as large as $7,000 per vehicle annually. Regulations that require or encourage the use of alternative fuel vehicles constitute a second set of programs that can reduce GHG emissions, although the intent of such regulations is generally to promote energy security and encourage domestic fuel production. There are several regulations with overlapping requirements that mandate or encourage alternative fuel and vehicle sales. These regulations include the Alternative Motor Fuels Act (AMFA) of 1988, the Energy Policy Act (EPACT) of 1992, and the Clean Fuel Fleet Program (as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990).
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