United States Department of Transportation
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Edition:Final report
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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the pedestrian accident risk associated with play activities performed in and near the street, as well as other situational characteristics, and to develop accident countermeasures emphasizing supervision and guidance. The primary focus of the study was on pre-school children, but early school age children were also studied. Behavioral observation of children at play on/near the street was conducted in five U.S. cities. Areas chosen for observation had moderate to high child pedestrian accident frequency. Interviews were conducted with a subsample of the children observed and their parents. Several risk measures were evaluated by comparing magnitude of risk values derived from the observation data for various play activities against the frequency of pedestrian accidents involving these play activities. Inadequate search street entries, child-vehicle conflicts, and time observed in-street were the risk measures selected. Results included the identification of high risk play activities and evaluation of risk as a function of type of area, selected demographic factors, time of day and day of week. Nine supervision/guidance countermeasures were identified and an implementation model was specified. A plan for evaluating the countermeasures and implementation model was developed. /Abstract from report summary page/
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