Format and basic geometry of a perspective display of air traffic for the cockpit
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Format and basic geometry of a perspective display of air traffic for the cockpit

Filetype[PDF-1.55 MB]


  • English
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    • Creators:
    • Corporate Creators:
      Ames Research Center
    • Subject/TRT Terms:
    • DOI:
    • Resource Type:
      Tech Report
    • Corporate Publisher:
      Ames Research Center
    • NTL Classification:
      NTL-AVIATION-Air Traffic Control
    • Abstract:
      The design and implementation of a perspective display of air traffic for the cockpit is discussed. Parameters of the perspective are variable and interactive so that the appearance of the projected image can be widely varied. This approach makes allowances for exploration of perspective parameters and the air interactions. The display was initially used to study the caused of horizontal maneuver biases found in experiments involving a plan view air traffic display format. Experiments to determine the effect of perspective geometry on spatial judgments have evolved from the display program. The display depicts a volume of visible airspace around "own ship," the space around the aircraft symbol representing the pilot's own aircraft, so that separation may be monitored in all directions. Symbols and metric aids which

      enhance the sense of space derived from perspective and which show both horizontal and vertical separation in an integrated format are contained in the display. By use of switches, the data tablet, and the computer terminal, the display may be altered in content, in direction of view, and in geometry of projection. Perspective is one way that three-dimensional (3-D) information may be projected onto a two-dimensional (2-D) surface. Geometry of perspective can be described conveniently as a frustum whose position, orientation, and shape define the appearance of the projected image. The frustrum shape embodies the bundle of

      light rays that produce a rectangular image. BY defining the perspective algebra cally as it is relative to the position of own ship, rather than as it is relative to the dsisplay "window," the visible space around own ship becomes part of the definition of the perspective. Several scaling techniques and other adjustments to the perspective are used to tailor the geometry for effective presentation of three-dimensional traffic situations.

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