United States Department of Transportation
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Benefits of Safety Belts and Motorcycle Helmets. Report to Congress: February 1996
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1996-02-01
[PDF-153.02 KB]
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Alternative Title:Benefits of Safety Belts and Motorcycle Helmets. Report to Congress: February 1996: Based on Data from the Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES)
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Abstract:This study was undertaken in response to Section 1031(b) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), which required the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to conduct a study to determine the benefits of safety belt and motorcycle helmet use in crashes. The study employed methods whereby statewide data from police crash reports, emergency medical services, hospital emergency departments, hospital discharge files, claims, and other sources were linked so that those people injured in motor vehicle crashes could be followed through the health care system. Information for both the injured and uninjured was then used to determine the benefits of protective devices in motor vehicle crashes. The available financial information included inpatient charges (acute care, rehabilitation, long-term care) and estimates of actual costs using a charge-to-cost ratio. Through the cooperation of the highway safety and medical communities, this was the first time these databases were linked using a probabilistic computer algorithm. This useful new system of data linkage is known as the Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) and allows a greater depth of understanding of the ramifications of crashes.
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