United States Department of Transportation
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Corporate Contributors:John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.) ; United States. Department of Transportation. Urban Mass Transportation Administration. Office of Service and Management Demonstration ; United States. Department of Transportation. Urban Mass Transportation Administration. Office of Technical Assistance ; U.S. Department of Transportation. Research and Special Programs Administration. Transportation Systems Center
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Abstract:This report describes the evaluation results of the Atlanta Integrated Fare Collection Demonstration. One of the main purposes of the demonstration, which was funded through the UMTA Service and Methods Demonstration Program, was to assess the extent to which an unlimited-use transit pass serves to act as a fare and transit integration instrument for transit users who make intramodal and/or intermodal transfers. In addition to the issue of transit integration, this evaluation also examines four other major aspects of the Atlanta demonstration project: 1) the socioeconomic and transit ridership characteristics of pass buyers; 2) the ridership and revenue consequences of a systemwide fare increase and the ability of a pass to minimize the impact of a fare increase; 3) the bus-rail integration enhancements of a barrier-free rail station; and 4) the trip generation and diversion effect of introducing rail transit service. With regard to integration, the demonstration revealed that providing a coordinated system of feeder bus service to rail stations has the largest impact on intermodal integration, followed by a much smaller but still positive effect due to a pass. Although small in absolute terms, the effect of a transit pass on bus-to-rail integration appears to be slightly larger than its effect on bus-to-bus integration. The majority of individuals who buy a pass do so in order to save money. While convenience is also an important factor, few individuals reportedly buy a pass strictly for convenience and make fewer than the breakeven number of transit trips. While far from being a primary reason for buying a pass, the response "easier to transfer," was considered by some to be an ancillary benefit of having a pass. The results of this demonstration should be interpreted with the knowledge that MARTA operates with a flat fare and a universal system of free transfers.
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