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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 581 - 600 of 1438 results
  • Occupant Protection Issues among Older Drivers and Passengers Volume 1 Final Report
    Occupant Protection Issues among Older Drivers and Passengers. Volume 1, Final Report
    Levi, S. ;
    De Leonardis, Doreen
    2008-04-01 | PDF
    With the older adult population of the United States growing at a rapid pace, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is concerned with highway safety issues affecting this age group. NHTSA initiated a three-stage research study in order to gain a better understanding of the factors that contribute to seat belt use or nonuse amon ...
  • Strategic Evaluation States Initiative Case Studies of Alaska Georgia and West Virginia
    Strategic Evaluation States Initiative: Case Studies of Alaska, Georgia, and West Virginia
    Syner, Joey ;
    Jackson, Belinda
    2008-04-01 | PDF
    In 2002, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration undertook a new approach that focused strategically on reducing alcohol-related crashes, injuries, and deaths in States with especially high numbers or rates of alcohol-related fatalities. The agency identified 13 States to participate in the Strategic Evaluation States (SES) initiative: A ...
  • Configurations of EMS Systems A Pilot Study
    Configurations of EMS Systems: A Pilot Study
    MacKenzie, Ellen J. ;
    Carlini, Anthony R.
    2008-03-01 | PDF
    Emergency medical services (EMS) systems are configured differently depending on several factors, including the size, demographics, geography, and politics of the local communities they serve. Although some information exists about the organization, financing, and delivery of EMS in the Nation’s 200 largest cities, there is less information availab ...
  • Estimated Medical Cost Savings in New Hampshire by Implementation of a Primary Seat Belt Law
    Estimated Medical Cost Savings in New Hampshire by Implementation of a Primary Seat Belt Law
    Chaudhary, Neil K. ;
    Tison, Julie
    2008-03-01 | PDF
    This report examines 2005 hospital discharge data reporting cases where the external cause of injury to a vehicle occupant was a motor vehicle crash to predict the estimated savings to the State of New Hampshire if a primary seat belt law is implemented. The savings are calculated using costs based on the report Economic Impact of Motor Vehicle Cra ...
  • Evaluation of Seven Publicized Enforcement Demonstration Programs to Reduce Impaired Driving Georgia Louisiana Pennsylvania Tennessee Texas Indiana and Michigan
    Evaluation of Seven Publicized Enforcement Demonstration Programs to Reduce Impaired Driving: Georgia, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Indiana, and Michigan
    Fell, James C. ;
    Langston, Elizabeth A.
    2008-02-01 | PDF
    Between 2000 and 2003, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration funded seven alcohol demonstration projects designed to reduce impaired driving through well-publicized and highly visible enforcement. The projects were conducted in seven States: Georgia, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Indiana, and Michigan. This report describe ...
  • Countermeasures That Work A Highway Safety Countermeasure Guide for State Highway Safety Offices Third Edition 2008
    Countermeasures That Work: A Highway Safety Countermeasure Guide for State Highway Safety Offices, Third Edition, 2008
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2008-01-01 | NHTSA BSR Countermeasures That Work | PDF
    This guide is a basic reference to assist State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) in selecting effective, science-based traffic safety countermeasures for major highway safety problem areas. The guide: describes major strategies and countermeasures that are relevant to SHSOs; summarizes their use, effectiveness, costs, and implementation time; and pro ...
  • Effects of Alcohol on Motorcycle Riding Skills
    Effects of Alcohol on Motorcycle Riding Skills
    Creaser, Janet I., 1974- ;
    Ward, Nicholas J.
    2007-12-01 | PDF
    Alcohol is known to disrupt the effect of neurotransmitters and impair various psychomotor skills. Indeed, alcohol intoxication is a significant risk factor for fatal traffic crashes, especially when riding a motorcycle. At present, there is sparse research on the impairing effects of alcohol on skills involved in motorcycle control. This study was ...
  • Reducing ImpairedDriving Recidivism Using Advanced VehicleBased Alcohol Detection Systems A Report to Congress
    Reducing Impaired-Driving Recidivism Using Advanced Vehicle-Based Alcohol Detection Systems: A Report to Congress
    Compton, Richard P. ;
    Hedlund, James H.
    2007-12-01 | PDF
    Vehicle-based alcohol detection systems use technologies designed to detect the presence of alcohol in a driver. Technology suitable for use in all vehicles that will detect an impaired driver faces many challenges including public acceptability, passive operation (not requiring the active cooperation of the driver), invulnerability to circumventio ...
  • Breath Test Refusals
    Breath Test Refusals
    Berning, Amy ;
    Beirness, Douglas J.
    2007-11-01 | PDF
    The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has found that the percentage of people who refuse to provide breath samples when arrested for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) varies considerably across States, and this creates a concern in the criminal prosecution of DWI cases. This Research Note provides an overview of the DWI arrest process in ...
  • Evaluating Transdermal Alcohol Measuring Devices
    Evaluating Transdermal Alcohol Measuring Devices
    Marques, Paul R. ;
    McKnight, A. Scott
    2007-11-01 | PDF
    This report is an evaluation study of two types of transdermal devices that detect alcohol at the skin surface representing two types of electrochemical sensing technology. The AMS SCRAM™ ankle device and the Giner WrisTAS™ wrist device were worn concurrently for the evaluation by 22 paid research subjects (15 males, 7 females), for a combined tota ...
  • Use of Warrants for Breath Test Refusal Case Studies
    Use of Warrants for Breath Test Refusal: Case Studies
    Hedlund, James H. ;
    Beirness, Douglas J.
    2007-10-01 | PDF
    This study investigated the use of warrants to obtain blood samples from drivers arrested for alcohol-impaired driving and who refuse to provide breath samples when requested to do so by law enforcement officers. Case studies were conducted in four States: Arizona, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah. Meetings and discussions with law enforcement officers, ...
  • Field Test of the Impact of Setting and Enforcing Rational Speed Limits Final Report for Gulfport MississippiDemonstration Community
    Field Test of the Impact of Setting and Enforcing Rational Speed Limits: Final Report for Gulfport, Mississippi–Demonstration Community
    Freedman, Mark ;
    De Leonardis, D.
    2007-10-01 | PDF
    To address concerns regarding the need to restore credibility to speed limits, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) jointly undertook tests of “rational speed limits,” which have been established by a formal engineering review that starts with the 85th percentile speed of free flow ...
  • Evaluation and Compliance of Passenger Restrictions in a Graduated Driver Licensing Program
    Evaluation and Compliance of Passenger Restrictions in a Graduated Driver Licensing Program
    Chaudhary, Neil K. ;
    Williams, Allan
    2007-09-01 | PDF
    Teen drivers are several times more likely to become involved in a crash when traveling with one, two, and three or more passengers as compared to traveling alone. Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) laws in 37 States (as of January 2007) limit the number of passengers that may travel with a newly licensed 16-year-old driver. The effects of these laws ...
  • The Robustness of the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test
    The Robustness of the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test
    Burns, Marcelline
    2007-09-01 | PDF
    Police officers follow procedures set forth in the NHTSA/IACP curriculum when they administer the Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) to suspected alcohol-impaired drivers. The SFSTs include Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) test, Walk-and-Turn (WAT) test, and One-Leg Stand (OLS) test. Courts generally accept testimony about WAT and OLS, but ma ...
  • Preliminary Data Indicate That Booster Seat Laws Increase Child Safety Seat Use
    Preliminary Data Indicate That Booster Seat Laws Increase Child Safety Seat Use
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2007-08-01 | PDF
    On June 1, 2006, Wisconsin enacted a child passenger safety law requiring children between 4 and 8 years old or who weigh between 40 and 79 pounds and are no taller than 4 feet 9 inches to be restrained in booster seats. The law does not require the booster seat to be placed in a back seat. During a six-month grace period, police issued written war ...
  • West Virginias Impaired Driving High Visibility Enforcement Campaign Traffic Tech
    West Virginia’s Impaired Driving High Visibility Enforcement Campaign [Traffic Tech]
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2007-08-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    In 2002, West Virginia became one of 13 Strategic Evaluation States to make a commitment to participate in the National Impaired Driving High Visibility Enforcement Campaign, coordinated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The 13 States were chosen because of their high alcohol-related fatality rate and/or number of alcoh ...
  • West Virginias Impaired Driving HighVisibility Enforcement Campaign 20032005
    West Virginia’s Impaired Driving High-Visibility Enforcement Campaign, 2003–2005
    Zwicker, T. J. ;
    Chaudhary, Neil K.
    2007-08-01 | PDF
    In 2002, West Virginia became a Strategic Evaluation State for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's Impaired Driving High-Visibility Enforcement campaign. The State implemented NHTSA's model publicity and enforcement program in targeted counties to reduce impaired driving and alcohol-related fatalities. The State spent nearly $3.4 m ...
  • Automated Enforcement A Compendium of Worldwide Evaluations of Results
    Automated Enforcement: A Compendium of Worldwide Evaluations of Results
    Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) ;
    Thomas, Libby
    2007-07-01 | PDF
    This compendium details automated enforcement systems (AES) implemented around the world and characterizes the safety impacts of such deployments, based on available scientific evaluations of the outcome measures. A systematic literature search was conducted. Criteria for selecting key evaluation studies were developed and applied for two AES techn ...
  • Evaluation of the National Impaired Driving HighVisibility Enforcement Campaign 20032005
    Evaluation of the National Impaired Driving High-Visibility Enforcement Campaign: 2003–2005
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research
    2007-07-01 | PDF
    No Description
  • A Compendium of NHTSA Pedestrian and Bicyclist Research Projects 19692007
    A Compendium of NHTSA Pedestrian and Bicyclist Research Projects: 1969–2007
    Cleven, Arlene M. ;
    Blomberg, Richard D.
    2007-07-01 | PDF
    In 2005 more than 5,000 people were killed in pedestrian and bicycle motor-vehicle-related crashes. This compendium describes the pedestrian and bicyclist safety research conducted by the Office of Behavioral Safety Research and its predecessor organizations during the period 1969-2007. The compendium begins with a description of the structure and ...
581 - 600 / 1438