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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 261 - 280 of 1438 results
  • Matching Countermeasures to Driver Types and Speeding Behavior
    Matching Countermeasures to Driver Types and Speeding Behavior
    Richard, Christian M. ;
    Payn, Betsy A.
    2017-12-01 | PDF
    Speeding is a common contributing factor in fatal traffic crashes. Attempts to address this problem through a variety of approaches have, so far, not led to a substantial reduction in speeding-related fatalities. An address-based mail survey of licensed drivers in Idaho was conducted to learn more about why drivers speed and what new countermeasure ...
  • A Comparative Analysis of State Traffic Safety Countermeasures and Implications for Progress Toward Zero Deaths in the United States Traffic Safety Facts Research Note
    A Comparative Analysis of State Traffic Safety Countermeasures and Implications for Progress “Toward Zero Deaths” in the United States [Traffic Safety Facts] – Research Note
    Sung, Jonathan ;
    Mizenko, Krista
    2017-10-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Safety Facts | PDF
    States use a variety of countermeasures to reduce traffic crashes, injuries, and fatalities within their jurisdictions. These countermeasures focus primarily on engineering, law enforcement, and public education (NHTSA, 2006). NHTSA's bi-annual publication, Countermeasures That Work: A Highway Safety Countermeasure Guide for State Highway Safety Of ...
  • Identifying Opportunities to Decrease Vehicle Occupant Fatalities Traffic Tech
    Identifying Opportunities to Decrease Vehicle Occupant Fatalities [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-09-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Seat belt use in the United States increased steadily in the last decade, but significant variability exists across the States. In 2014, State seat belt use ranged from a low of 68.9 percent to a high of 97.8 percent. Although higher use rates are generally associated with States having primary enforcement seat belt laws, several notable exceptions ...
  • Can Your Older Patients Drive Safely
    Can Your Older Patients Drive Safely?
    Staplin, Loren ;
    Lococo, Kathy H.
    2017-09-01 | PDF
    In many areas of the world, driving is an essential part of life and for reasons of comfort, convenience, and security remains the primary mode of transportation among older adults. Both normal aging and diseases that are more prevalent in advanced age can substantially reduce older drivers’ functional abilities, elevating their risk of involvement ...
  • Detecting and Quantifying Mind Wandering during Simulated Driving
    Detecting and Quantifying Mind Wandering during Simulated Driving
    Baldwin, Carryl L. ;
    Roberts, Daniel M.
    2017-08-08 | PDF
    Mind wandering is a pervasive threat to transportation safety, potentially accounting for a substantial number of crashes and fatalities. In the current study, mind wandering was induced through completion of the same task for 5 days, consisting of a 20-min monotonous freeway-driving scenario, a cognitive depletion task, and a repetition of the 20- ...
  • Interlock Data Utilization Report
    Interlock Data Utilization [Report]
    Taylor, Eileen ;
    Voas, Robert B.
    2017-08-01 | PDF
    The objectives of this exploratory study were to determine (a) how ignition interlock data is used for DWI offender monitoring and offender-related programs, such as screening, assessments, and treatment for alcohol abuse problems; and (b) if the interlock data can be used effectively to reduce alcohol-impaired driving recidivism. The objectives we ...
  • The Effects of Medical Conditions on Driving Performance
    The Effects of Medical Conditions on Driving Performance
    Staplin, Loren ;
    Mastromatto, Tia
    2017-08-01 | PDF
    This project investigated the effect of selected medical conditions on the exposure and performance of older drivers. A review of recent literature, followed by a panel meeting with driving safety experts, prioritized four medical conditions for further study: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), Par ...
  • OlderDriver Foot Movements
    Older-Driver Foot Movements
    Lococo, Kathy H. ;
    Staplin, Loren
    2017-07-01 | PDF
    This study explored how drivers 60 and older control the accelerator and brake while driving and parking. It built upon the findings of a study documenting the prevalence and characteristics associated with pedal misapplication crashes (Lococo, Staplin, Martell, & Sifrit, 2012). Researchers measured functional ability, and used an instrumented vehi ...
  • MarijuanaImpaired Driving A Report to Congress
    Marijuana-Impaired Driving - A Report to Congress
    Compton, Richard P.
    2017-07-01 | PDF
    This report was prepared in accordance with Section 4008 (Marijuana-Impaired Driving) of the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act), Pub. L. 114-94. The report summarizes what is known about marijuana use and driving. The report describes the absorption, distribution and elimination of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinal (THC) the primary ...
  • Older Drivers Foot Movements Traffic Tech
    Older Drivers’ Foot Movements [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-07-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    This study explored how older drivers use their accelerator and brake pedals, to identify characteristics that could pose an increased risk of a pedal application error. The study also explored whether driver-vehicle fit was related to these characteristics. The study collected and analyzed data from older adult drivers to address the following res ...
  • Examination of the Feasibility of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Motorcycles
    Examination of the Feasibility of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Motorcycles
    Marques, Paul R. ;
    McKnight, A. Scott
    2017-06-01 | PDF
    In 2011 some 30 percent of the 4,612 motorcycle operators involved in fatal crashes had blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) of .08 g/dL or higher. Although alcohol ignition interlocks are a common sanction to deter impaired driving, they are not typically used on motorcycles. This report reviews information on alcohol ignition interlocks to help de ...
  • The Feasibility of Voluntary Ignition Interlocks as a Prevention Strategy for Young Drivers
    The Feasibility of Voluntary Ignition Interlocks as a Prevention Strategy for Young Drivers
    Kelley-Baker, Tara ;
    Taylor, Eileen
    2017-06-01 | PDF
    Young drivers in the United States are at greater risk for alcohol-related crash deaths than any other age group of drivers in the general population. Though efforts have been made to reduce drinking and driving among young drivers (especially teens), there has been only limited progress. One innovative possibility that has not yet been tried for m ...
  • The Feasibility of Voluntary Ignition Interlocks As a Prevention Strategy for Young Drivers Traffic Tech
    The Feasibility of Voluntary Ignition Interlocks As a Prevention Strategy for Young Drivers [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-06-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for all 15- to 20-year-olds. In 2014, there were 1,717 young drivers (15 to 20 years old) who died in motor vehicle crashes. In 2014, even though it was illegal for drivers under age 21 to operate a vehicle with any detectable amount of alcohol in their system in every State in the United States, ...
  • Matching Countermeasures to Driver Types and Speeding Behavior Traffic Tech
    Matching Countermeasures to Driver Types and Speeding Behavior [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-06-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Speeding is a common behavior; most drivers exceed the speed limit some of the time. It is also a complicated behavior that varies by driver and situation. Speeding-related crashes take a large annual toll in injuries, lost lives, and high economic costs in the United States. Speeding is a safety problem requiring serious attention. This study expl ...
  • Impact of the Legalization and Decriminalization of Marijuana on the DWI System Highlights from the Expert Panel Meeting
    Impact of the Legalization and Decriminalization of Marijuana on the DWI System: Highlights from the Expert Panel Meeting
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research  ...
    2017-06-01 | PDF
    In Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21) Act, Congress directed NHTSA to establish a cooperative program—the National Cooperative Research and Evaluation Program (NCREP)—to conduct research and evaluations of State highway safety countermeasures. NCREP was continued in the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act. This program i ...
  • Interlock Data Utilization Traffic Tech
    Interlock Data Utilization [Traffic Tech]
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-06-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Driving-while-impaired (DWI) offenders present a high risk to traffic safety. Alcohol ignition interlocks are now widely used for DWI offenders and can significantly reduce DWI recidivism while on the offender’s vehicle. In a typical year an interlock device can collect and store up to 2,500 breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) tests. This breath-te ...
  • Determining the Effectiveness Of Flexible Checkpoints
    Determining the Effectiveness Of Flexible Checkpoints
    Lacey, John H. ;
    Wiliszowski, Connie H.
    2017-05-01 | PDF
    Flexible checkpoints are sometimes referred to as “phantom checkpoints,” ”public awareness checkpoints,” “mobile awareness patrols,” and “mock checkpoints.” This checkpoint strategy involves staging a checkpoint, but not actually staffing the checkpoint or stopping drivers. Instead, as an example, a BATmobile, a DWI trailer, or another kinds of enf ...
  • Evaluation of Responsible Beverage Service to Reduce Impaired Driving by 21 to 34YearOld Drivers Traffic Tech
    Evaluation of Responsible Beverage Service to Reduce Impaired Driving by 21- to 34-Year-Old Drivers [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-05-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Young adult drivers 21 to 34 years old are a particularly highrisk group for impaired-driving-related crashes. Numerous studies have found that approximately half of intoxicated drivers had their last drink at a licensed bar or restaurant, and the most significant risk factors associated with drinking and driving were the amount of alcohol consumed ...
  • Determining the Effectiveness of Flexible Checkpoints Traffic Tech
    Determining the Effectiveness of Flexible Checkpoints [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-05-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Checkpoint operations are highly visible and are often used for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) countermeasure enforcement efforts. However, checkpoints can be resource-intensive, so it is often difficult to generate as much use of that tactic as is desired. There are alternative enforcement methods and tactics to increase the scope of traditional ...
  • Examining the Feasibility of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Motorcycles Traffic Tech
    Examining the Feasibility of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Motorcycles [Traffic Tech]
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2017-05-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Impaired driving is a major factor in vehicle crashes and traffic fatalities. The use of alcohol ignition interlocks is growing as a countermeasure to combat the high rate of offender recidivism for Driving While Intoxicated (DWI); however, while there is an increase in interlock use on passenger vehicles to reduce DWI recidivism, there has been on ...
261 - 280 / 1438