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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 1121 - 1140 of 1438 results
  • Development and Test of a Motivational Approach and Materials for Increasing Use of Restraints
    Development and Test of a Motivational Approach and Materials for Increasing Use of Restraints
    Schwalm, Norman D. ;
    Slovic, Paul
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    The objective of this study was to design and assess the effect of a motivational approach to modify the riding and driving public's attitudes towards the perceived risks of driving an automobile and the use of occupant restraint systems. Two hundred eighty-five subjects were.lrandomly assigned to one of eight groups that received either a version ...
  • Model Performance Specifications for Police Traffic Radar Devices
    Model Performance Specifications for Police Traffic Radar Devices
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    This report provides information about all of the research work regarding police traffic radar completed by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) under an Inter-Agency Agreement with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Chapter 1 provides an overview of the current status of police traffic radar for speed enforcement. It sum ...
  • Identification of Motivations for Unsafe Driving Actions and Potential Countermeasures
    Identification of Motivations for Unsafe Driving Actions and Potential Countermeasures
    Marks, M. E. (Mary E.) ;
    McNair, John W.
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    This report presents the findings of a preliminary investigation of drivers' motivations for selected unsafe driving actions (UDAs). The general objective of the study was to develop the test methods, procedures, and materials for collecting data for determining why drivers commit UDAs. Four UDAs were the focus of study: speeding, following-too-clo ...
  • Effectiveness and Efficiency of Safety Belt and Child Restraint Usage Programs
    Effectiveness and Efficiency of Safety Belt and Child Restraint Usage Programs
    Nichols, James L.
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    Problem: Each year, approximately 34,000 persons are killed and 520,000 receive moderate to severe injuries as occupants of passenger cars, light trucks and vans. Approximately half ofthese deaths and injuries could be avoided if all such occupants wore safety belts and used child safety seats for their young children. Unfortunately, fewer than 12 ...
  • Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Police Traffic Services Programs
    Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Police Traffic Services Programs
    Traynor, Brian G. ;
    Searcy, William G.
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    Traffic law violations were causative factors in about 90 percent of all motor vehicle crashes. Primary responsibility for deterring traffic law violations and for apprehending violators of these laws rest with State, county and municipal police agencies. Police traffic services address both impact and systems support problems. The principal impact ...
  • Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Pedestrian Safety
    Effectiveness and Efficiencies in Pedestrian Safety
    Ehrlich, Pat
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    Pedestrian fatalities constitute 16 percent of total highway - related fatalities. Excluding motor vehicle occupants, pedestrians comprise the target single category of fatalities on the nation's streets and highways. A total of 85 percent of ! all pedestrian accidents and 60 percent of all pedestrian deaths occur on urban street In some large urba ...
  • The Role Alcohol Marijuana and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers Conference Paper
    The Role Alcohol, Marijuana and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers [Conference Paper]
    Terhune, K. W. ;
    Fell, James C.
    1982-03-01 | PDF
    A study was conducted of 497 drivers injured in a motor vehicle accident and treated at a hospital. The objectives were to determine the incidence of alcohol and other drugs in their blood systems at the time of the crash and the role these drugs may have played in the accident. The sample was considered conservative with respect to alcohol/drug in ...
  • Automatic Safety Belt Usage in 1981 Toyotas
    Automatic Safety Belt Usage in 1981 Toyotas
    Wagner, Sara B. ;
    Bagley, Martha
    1982-02-01 | PDF
    The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of automatic restraint systems provided in Toyota Cressidas in increasing use of seat belts, and to evaluate attitude of owners toward those systems. Data were collected through telephone interviews and mailed questionnaires completed by 755 owners of Toyota Cressidas; 199 "control" own ...
  • Development and Test of Motivational Approaches for Increasing Use of Restraints
    Development and Test of Motivational Approaches for Increasing Use of Restraints
    McNabb, Sandra D. ;
    Dueker, Richard L.
    1982-02-01 | PDF
    A pilot program to persuade automobile dealers and salespeople to promote safety belts at the point-of-sale was developed and tested. The pilot program included key messages: encouraging the use of safety belts shows concern for the customer's well-being. This concern can translate into an increase in referral and repeat business, and an improvemen ...
  • The Role of Alcohol Marijuana and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers Volume 1 Findings
    The Role of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers. Volume 1, Findings
    Terhune, K. W.
    1982-01-01 | PDF
    Using samples of blood obtained from 497 injured drivers at a Rochester, NY hospital, this study determined the incidence rates of alcohol, THC (marijuana agent), and other drugs. Accident data (police reports, driver interviews) were also collected, and analyses determined driver culpability rates, collision types, and crash circumstances involvin ...
  • Evaluation of Minimum Drinking Age Laws Using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
    Evaluation of Minimum Drinking Age Laws Using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Program Evaluation  ...
    1982-01-01 | PDF
    The report analyzes driver injury data collected by the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from October 1978 through December 1980. Nighttime driver injury rates in States with lower legal drinking age (18-19 years old) were compared to the injury rates in States with higher legal drinking age (20-21 years old). Drivers under 21 ...
  • The Role of Alcohol Marijuana and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers Volume 2 Appendices
    The Role of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Other Drugs in the Accidents of Injured Drivers. Volume 2, Appendices
    Terhune, K. W.
    1982-01-01 | PDF
    Using samples of blood obtained from 497 injured drivers at a Rochester, NY hospital, this study determined the incidence rates of alcohol, THC (marijuana agent), and other drugs. Accident data (police reports, driver interviews) were also collected, and analyses determined driver culpability rates, collision types, and crash circumstances involvin ...
  • Effectiveness Paper Bicyclist Safety Programs
    Effectiveness Paper: Bicyclist Safety Programs
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    1982-01-01 | PDF
    No Description
  • A Manual for Managing Community Alcohol Safety Education Campaigns
    A Manual for Managing Community Alcohol Safety Education Campaigns
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    1982 | PDF
    No Description
  • Factors Affecting Consumer Acceptance and Use of Child Restraint Systems
    Factors Affecting Consumer Acceptance and Use of Child Restraint Systems
    Weber, K. (Kathleen) ;
    Allen, Nancy Palchik
    1982-01-01 | PDF
    The causes of consumer satisfaction or dissatisfaction with child restraint systems were studied, and factors contributing to non-use and misuse were identified. Thirty-two families used several different child restraint models for extended periods, and their perceptions and preferences prior to use were compared to those expressed afterward. Recom ...
  • National Energy Efficient Driving System NEEDS Volume 1 Survey of Requirements
    National Energy Efficient Driving System (NEEDS). Volume 1, Survey of Requirements
    McKnight, A. James ;
    McPherson, Kenard
    1981-12-15 | PDF
    This report provides a state-of-the-art summary of the means by which individual drivers can achieve more fuel-efficient vehicle operation. It identifies fuel-efficient driving behaviors, the means of influencing behavior, appropriate audiences for attempts to foster fuel-efficient driving behavior, the types of materials needed to communicate fuel ...
  • National Energy Efficient Driving System NEEDS Volume 2 Driver Education Program
    National Energy Efficient Driving System (NEEDS). Volume 2, Driver Education Program
    McKnight, A. James ;
    Goldsmith, Martin, 1929-
    1981-12-15 | PDF
    Studies were conducted to identify young driver deficiencies in knowledge, attitude, and performance with respect to fuel-efficiency. Five different programs of classroom-only and classroom/in-car instruction were administered experimentally to high school driver education students. Comparison of pre- and post-knowledge scores within and across gro ...
  • National Energy Efficient Driving System NEEDS Volume 3 Home Vehicle Use Study
    National Energy Efficient Driving System (NEEDS). Volume 3, Home Vehicle Use Study
    McKnight, A. James ;
    Goldsmith, Martin, 1929-
    1981-12-15 | PDF
    Eight vehicles were instrumented to permit travel distance and fuel consumption to be measured. Following the collection of baseline measures, three different systems were provided to feed back distance and fuel information to drivers: manual, a weekly trip log filled out by drivers; instrumented, an in-car device displaying the information; and me ...
  • Experimental Field Test of Proposed AntiDartOut Training Programs Volume 1 Conduct and Results
    Experimental Field Test of Proposed Anti-Dart-Out Training Programs. Volume 1, Conduct and Results
    Dueker, Richard L.
    1981-12-01 | PDF
    This report describes the conduct and results of an evaluation of a child pedestrian anti-dart-out training program. Two versions were tested: A film program and a film/simulator program. Before/after accident and street crossing behavior data were collected in one city for each program, and in a comparison city. Accident data were collected in two ...
  • Impact Analysis of the Raised Legal Drinking Age in Illinois
    Impact Analysis of the Raised Legal Drinking Age in Illinois
    Maxwell, Delmas M.
    1981-12-01 | PDF
    This report contains an analysis of the impact of the raised legal drinking age in Illinois in 1980. Illinois raised its legal drinking age in January 1980 from 19 to 21. Monthly single vehicle night male driver involvements (in traffic accidents) from 1977-1980 were analyzed, as the impact measure. Box-Tiao Intervention Analysis was used tb develo ...
1121 - 1140 / 1438