Modeling Multi-Modal Network Equilibrium with Active Transportation and Shared Mobility
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2023-01-01
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Abstract:The imbalance between increasing travel demand by passengers and the stagnant growth of transportation infrastructure capacity, particularly in urban areas, has caused dramatic impacts on traffic condition, the environment, public health, and energy consumption. Consequently, the development of sustainable and resilient transportation systems has become an increasingly challenging task. Travel demand management (TDM) is a set of strategies aimed at redistributing travel demand in time or space to alleviate the imbalance between travel demand and available infrastructure capacities. Active transportation (AT), which includes walking and cycling, has emerged as a popular TDM approach in modern urban areas, with the potential to reduce vehicular travel (VT) demand and alleviate traffic congestion. However, potential barriers such as longer commuting times and adverse health effects, including exposure to hazardous air pollution and traffic injuries, often dissuade travelers from choosing AT. Therefore, understanding the complex relationship between AT and VT demand is crucial, especially when considering the health effects associated with these modes of transportation, such as the negative impact of air pollution and the benefits of physical activity.
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