Relationship Between Vehicle Size and Fatality Risk in Model Year 1985-93 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks
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Relationship Between Vehicle Size and Fatality Risk in Model Year 1985-93 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks

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    • Creators:
      Kahane, C. J.
    • Corporate Creators:
      United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    • Subject/TRT Terms:
    • Publication/ Report Number:
      DOT HS 808 570
    • Resource Type:
      Tech Report
    • Corporate Publisher:
      United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    • NTL Classification:
      NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-SAFETY AND SECURITY ; NTL-SAFETY AND SECURITY-Human Factors ;
    • Abstract:
      Fatality rates per million exposure years are computed by make, model and model year,

      based on the crash experience of model year 1985-93 passenger cars and light trucks (pickups) vans

      and sport utility vehicles) in the United States during calendar years 1989-93. Regression analyses

      calibrate the relationship between curb weight and the fatality rate, adjusting for the effects of driver

      age, sex and other confounding factors. The analyses estimate the change in fatalities (including

      occupants of the "case" vehicle, occupants of other vehicles in the crash, and pedestrians/bicyclists) per

      100 pound weight reduction in cars or in light trucks. A 100-pound reduction in the average weight of

      passenger cars, with accompanying reductions (based on historical patterns) in other size parameters

      such as track width, and in the absence of any compensatory improvements in safety technology, is

      associated with an estimated increase of 302 fatalities per year (±3-sigma confidence bounds range

      from an increase of 170 to an increase of 434). However, a 100-pound reduction in the average weight

      of light trucks is associated with an estimated decrease of 40 fatalities (± 3-sigma confidence bounds

      range from adecrease of 130 to an increase of 50). In car-light truck collisions, 80 percent of the

      fatalities are occupants of the cars. When light trucks are reduced in weight and size, they become less

      hazardous to occupants of passenger cars as well as pedestrians, bicyclists and motorcyclists.

      Conversely, growth in the weight and size of light trucks could increase hazards to those groups.

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