Alberson, D. C., Williams, W. F., & Menges, W. L. (2005). Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness (Report No. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3). Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544
Alberson, Dean C., William F. Williams, and Wanda L. Menges. Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness. Report no. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 2005. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544.
Alberson, Dean C., et al. Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 2005, Report no. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544.
Ultimately, a bridge rail should contain and redirect errant vehicles with minimal damage to the bridge structure. A number of different types of concrete safety-shaped bridge rails are used by most states. Over the years, a number of different reinforcement schemes have been used, and most have withstood the rigors of the highway environment. Obviously, reinforcement schemes may vary significantly and still achieve the objective to contain and redirect errant design vehicles. As experience is gained with bridge rails, designs change. The geometry, such as height, shape, and openness, may change due to vehicle mix, vehicle design changes, or public opinion. However, a move to a new design does not necessarily negate the usefulness of older systems. Or an upgrade in performance requirements does not automatically indicate the older system will not perform acceptably when impacted under new performance requirement conditions. The safety performance of bridge rails is ultimately evaluated by a performance-based test, i.e. a full-scale crash test.
Alberson, D. C., Williams, W. F., & Menges, W. L. (2005). Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness (Report No. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3). Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544
Alberson, Dean C., William F. Williams, and Wanda L. Menges. Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness. Report no. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 2005. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544.
Alberson, Dean C., et al. Testing and Evaluation of the Florida F Shape Bridge Rail with Reduced Deck Thickness. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 2005, Report no. FHWA/TX-05/9-8132-3, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86544.
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