An Analysis of Tower (Ground) Controller - Pilot Voice Communications
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1995-11-01
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Edition:Final Report February 1993 - Novenber 1995
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Abstract:This report is based on an analysis of over 48 hours of pilot-controller communications recorded from the ground-control
frequency at twelve air traffic control towers. The analysis examined the complexity of controller instructions, that
is, how many pieces of information a single controller transmission contains. It looked at how pilots respond to these
instructions, and whether the type of response was affected by the complexity of the instructions. Particularly, it
studied the effect of complexlty of the instructions on communication problems, such as when pilots asked controllers to
repeat their instructions or when they made an error In the readback. It also examined the incidence and possible
causes of callsign confusions as well as of conceptual errors in pilot-controller communications. Lastly, it compared
the incidence of cClllllUlication problems with the transmission density (transmissions per minute) at 8 facility. It
related these findings to what was observed in the en-route (Cardosi, 1993), terminal-radar (TRACON; Morrow, Lee, and
Rodvold, !993) and in the tower-local control (Cardosi, 1994) environment. In conclusion a series of recomnendations is
presented.
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