United States Department of Transportation
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Abstract:Loran-C is an inexpensive, compact, and functionally powerful area navigation system.
The application of this system to aeronautical navigation is an exciting occurrence for
general aviation pilots. In the cockpit these systems simplify and increase the safety
and precision of flight navigation by providing real time information on distance,
bearing, and ground speed to pilot selectable navaids, airports, and air route intersec
tions throughout the United States. Extensive data bases in these systems provide this
information to pilots in response to a series of key presses and knob turns. Currently
few receivers are certified for IFR flight, and none are currently certified for sole means
of navigation under instrument flight rules. Used under VFR conditions or as backup
systems to other navigation systems, the design of the display, control and logic of these
systems is not as critical to flight safety as might otherwise be the case. When intended
for use under the potentially unforgiving and often high workload conditions presented
by instrument meteorological conditions, good human factors design is critical to safe
operations.
This paper identifies current and potential human factors issues that are important in
the design and operation of Loran-C receivers. The issues covered include display and
control formatting, prompting for programming and function selection, error detection
and correction, selection of emergency functions, warnings and alerts, cockpit location,
and compatibility with air traffic control.
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