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Influence of Chemical Admixtures and Mixing Methods on the Air Void Systems in Portland Cement Mortars
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1968-02-01
[PDF-1.21 MB]
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Abstract:Variations in the entrained air system in hydraulic cement mortars due to different chemical types of air-entraining agents and retarders and different mixing methods were investigated. Twenty-seven mortar hatches were prepared at a fundamentally constant air content using different combinations of three mixing sequences, three air-entraining agents, and three retarders. The Powers and Philleo spacing factors were determined on specimens from each hatch and were used as the criteria for comparison of the air void systems. Observed differences in the Powers spacing factor were found to be statistically significant for different mixing methods and different air-entraining agents. Comparatively large values of the Powers spacing factor were observed when the air-entraining agent and retarder were combined in the same water phase before being combined with the cement and sand. Relatively low values of Powers' spacing factor were observed when the organic acid retarder was used, regardless of the air-entraining agent used.
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