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Performance Studies of Synthetic Aggregate Concrete
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1968-09-01
[PDF-2.30 MB]
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Abstract:This paper reports the results of three experimental programs conducted on synthetic aggregates; physical durability, chemical durability, and mechanical durability. In the physical durability program, five selected commercially produced and eight TTI kiln-produced lightweight coarse aggregates were investigated. Absorption characteristics and porosity values were determined for each of the aggregates. A total of 69 batches of concrete using these coarse aggregates and natural sand were mixed and tested in accordance with ASTM C290. Various degrees of saturation of the coarse aggregates at the time of mixing were obtained by immersing them in water for periods ranging from 6 hours to 180 days. The resistance of structural lightweight concrete to freezing and thawing as measured by ASTM C290 was greatly influenced by the degree of saturation of the coarse aggregate at the time of mixing. For the concretes investigated, the critical degree of saturation of the coarse aggregate at the time of mixing was found to be about 0.25. Experiments on chemical durability centered upon the detection and possible effects of deleterious substances likely to be present, such as "underburned" clay minerals, lumps of lime and of anhydrite, and decomposable sulfides. Underburned clay minerals can sometimes be detected by petrographic and DTA methods, more definitely by X-ray diffraction. Simpler tests, such as boiling in a pressure cooker, are also reported.
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