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Use of Waste Toner in Asphaltic Concrete
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1997-02-01
[PDF-1.16 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:Every year, a tremendous amount of toner is produced for copiers and printers by toner manufacturing companies throughout the United States. Some of this toner does not meet quality specifications and consequently becomes a waste product of the manufacturing process. This manufacturing waste, along with the spent toner (residue from copiers and printer cartridges, is dumped into landfills for lack of a better way of utilizing the material. A cooperative research project undertaken by the Texas Department of Transportation and The University of Texas at Austin investigated the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing waste toner in hot mix asphalt concrete. The research program included procuring a number of different waste and spent toners, blending them with asphalt cement at different ratios, and evaluating the binder and mixtures properties resulting from the waste toner addition. Superpave binder performance tests - including complex shear modulus at high and intermediate temperatures, low-temperature creep stiffness, and rotational viscosity were used to evaluate binder properties. The modified binders were used in asphalt aggregate mixtures to evaluate mixture behavior and properties. Hveem stability, resilient modulus, and indirect tensile strength were measured and evaluated. In addition, a Superpave mix design was carried out for three different levels of toner modification (0 percent, 5 percent, and 16 percent, by mass of asphalt binder-toner blend). The results of this study indicated that as the amount of waste toner in the blend increases, the stiffness and the viscosity of the modified binder increase. The increase in stiffness is evident at high, intermediate, and at low temperatures. The mixture analysis also indicates higher strength and stability for toner-modified asphalt concrete, compared with unmodified mixtures.
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