United States Department of Transportation
i
Train Energy Model Validation Using Revenue Service Unit Coal Train Data: Appendix A- Train Resistance
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1991-08-01
[PDF-181.40 KB]
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Abstract:The Train Energy Model (TEM™) is computer simulation software developed by the Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI, now MxV Rail) for analyzing fuel consumption and train running times based on train resistance and train handling techniques. The model determines the effects of train makeup, truck (or bogie) types, track conditions including lubrication, and speed limits on the energy consumption of a train on a specific route. This document consists only of Appendix A to report R-786. It details the equations and coefficients used in TEM for modeling train resistance, which incorporate significant improvements over the earlier Davis and CN equations. In particular, the model considers bearing resistance, rolling resistance, curve resistance and aerodynamic resistance terms:
• Bearing resistance – Bearing type, new or worn
• Rolling resistance – Truck (or bogie) type, new or worn
• Curve resistance – Truck (or bogie) type, new or worn, and whether the track is lubricated or not. The coefficients have low resistance for gentle curves within the tapering capabilities of the wheel to negotiate; but which increase nonlinearly for sharper curves.
• Aerodynamic resistance - The coefficients in the seventh order polynomial Ak(Yk) depend on the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle. However, these coefficients vary with k, so the same type of vehicle may have different drag areas, depending on its position in the consist.
Equations and model coefficients are given, with the curve resistance coefficients being presented in a graphical form.
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