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Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures Using Alternative Aggregate in SMA and Superpave
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2024-08-01
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[PDF-12.45 MB]
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Edition:Final Report (May 2022-August 2024)
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Abstract:To identify locally available, cost-effective, and durable crushed coarse aggregates for Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) and high-level Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixes, multiple well-distributed aggregates have been evaluated in this study as candidate aggregates, including traprock (control), chat, gravels, steel slag, limestone, and dolomite. Aggregate screening and durability evaluations were conducted to eliminate unqualified candidates. Subsequently, SMA and HMA mixtures were designed with qualified candidate aggregates following AASHTO R 46 and R 35, respectively. Performance verification included Hamburg Wheel Tracker rutting test (HWTT) and IDEAL-CT cracking test to finalize the mix designs, and balanced mix design methods (BMD) were used to complete the designs if the volumetric optimum designs failed to meet the performance requirements. The testing results showed that while the SMA and HMA mixes with traprock and gravel could satisfy both volumetric and performance thresholds. SMA and HMA mixes with blended aggregates (i.e., limestone and chat, and dolomite and chat) passed volumetric limits as well. For SMA and HMA mixtures with steel slag, the binder contents from the volumetric designs had to be increased to meet the cracking resistance requirements. Additional performance tests including fatigue and rutting on the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT), low-temperature Indirect Tensile (IDT) tests, and the Accelerated Friction Tests (AFT) were conducted to fully evaluate the mixtures’ performance and durability. Analyses on both the material and pavement structural levels were performed, and cost-effective analysis for projects with mixtures using different aggregates were also used in this study. The results indicated that mixes with alternative aggregates performed comparably to those with control aggregates.
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