United States Department of Transportation
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Warm-mix asphalt : European practice.
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2008-02-01
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[PDF-7.72 MB]
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OCLC Number:769459077
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NTL Classification:NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-Pavement Management and Performance;NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-Design;NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-Construction and Maintenance;
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Abstract:Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) is a group of technologies that allow a reduction in the temperatures at which
asphalt mixes are produced and placed. These technologies tend to reduce the viscosity of the asphalt and
provide for the complete coating of aggregates at lower temperatures. WMA is produced at temperatures
20 to 55 °C (35 to 100 °F) lower than typical hot-mix asphalt (HMA). In 2007, a team of U.S. materials
experts visited Belgium, France, Germany, and Norway to evaluate various WMA technologies through
the Federal Highway Administration’s International Technology Scanning Program.
The scan team learned that the benefits of WMA technologies include reduced fuel usage and emissions in
support of sustainable development, improved field compaction, which can facilitate longer haul distances
and cool weather pavement, and better working conditions. A range of technologies is available to produce
WMA. European agencies expect WMA performance to be the same as or better than the performance
of HMA. Although several areas need to be addressed as these technologies are adapted to U.S. materials
and production practices, the scan team believes that the United States has no long-term barriers to WMA
use. With additional research and trials, the team expects that highway agencies will allow WMA as an
alternative to HMA.
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