Field Monitoring of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Backfilled with Lightweight Cellular Concrete
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Field Monitoring of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Backfilled with Lightweight Cellular Concrete

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  • Creators:
  • Corporate Creators:
    University of Kansas. Dept. of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering
  • Corporate Contributors:
    Kansas Department of Transportation. Bureau of Research
  • Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Publication/ Report Number:
    KS-24-03
  • Resource Type:
    Tech Report
  • Geographical Coverage:
  • Edition:
    Final Report April 2020 – June 2022
  • Corporate Publisher:
    Kansas Department of Transportation. Bureau of Research
  • Abstract:
    As an alternative to aggregate as backfill material in mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls, lightweight cellular concrete (LCC) significantly reduces the weight of MSE wall mass, corresponding settlement of the foundation soil, and lateral earth pressures behind wall facing. Steel strips, geogrids, or steel rods are commonly used to reinforce the LCC in an LCC-MSE wall. This research used LCC to replace a test section with aggregate backfill in a new MSE wall on I-35 in Kansas to investigate LCC performance. Seven steel reinforcement strips of various lengths were pulled out of the backfill at different times in the curing process to study the effects of curing time and length on pull-out capacities. In addition, the LCC-MSE wall was instrumented with earth pressure cells, shape arrays, thermistors, strain gauges, and survey targets to explore LCC-MSE wall performance. Settlements were very low under the weight of the LCC, with maximum settlement less than 0.3 inches partly due to apparent rotation of the fill mass because of horizontal pressures behind the mass. Lateral earth pressures were a function of the fluid density of the LCC during placement but dropped to near zero for most of the facing during curing. Lateral earth pressures for the top panel experienced significant fluctuations with ambient air temperatures. High temperatures exceeding 190 °F within the mass early in the curing process may complicate future designs. Reinforcement pullout strengths were much higher than reinforcement strengths in aggregate with similar normal stress. A modest reduction in pullout resistance was observed over the first 14 days, possibly due to decreased normal stress due to cooling. Overall, cement hydration increased interface strength between LCC and steel strips, thereby increasing pullout capacities of steel strips.
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