Elementary Chemistry of Portland Cement and Portland Cement Concrete
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Elementary Chemistry of Portland Cement and Portland Cement Concrete

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English
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  • Creators:
  • Corporate Creators:
    United States. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Public Roads
  • Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Resource Type:
    Tech Report
  • Right Statement:
    Public Domain
  • Geographical Coverage:
    United States
  • Corporate Publisher:
    United States. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Public Roads
  • Abstract:
    This pamphlet on the chemistry of portland cement has been prepared by the staff of the Chemical Laboratory of the Physical Research Branch to acquaint the engineer or technician having a limited chemical background with the essential chemistry involved in the manufacture and use of portland cement. These discussions are not intended to be complete in all details. They do not cover all aspects of controversial questions and many highly technical aspects of the physical chemistry involved, such as phase equilibrium, have not been included. The discussion is divided into five parts. Part I is a brief introductory discussion of the origin of lime cements and the discovery of portland cement. Part II has to do with the fundamental chemical changes occurring during the manufacture of portland cement and the chemical composition of the finished cement. Part III consists of a discussion of the chemical analysis of cements and the manner in which the compound composition of the cement is calculated. A summary of the chemical requirements of the five types of cement and the typical compound composition of each is also included. Part IV deals with the fundamental reactions of cement with water during the mixing and hardening of the cement and the effect of various compounds on the physical properties of the mortar or concrete. The manner in which some of these phenomena are reflected in the typical analyses of cements and in the requirements of the specifications is also discussed. Part V includes discussions on some of the more important reactions taking place in concrete which involve the presence of reactive constituents other than the cement itself. These may be in the aggregate (e.g. the alkali-aggregate reaction) or they may enter the hardened concrete in solution (e.g. the sulfate action). A short glossary of selected terms is appended for the convenience of those not completely familiar with the terminology used.
  • Content Notes:
    USComm-DC
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    PDF
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